Walker County is located in north-central Alabama, northwest of Birmingham, and forms part of the Birmingham metropolitan region. Established in 1824 and named for U.S. Senator John Williams Walker, the county developed around coal mining and rail connections that linked the Warrior coal fields to industrial markets. Today it is a mid-sized county by Alabama standards, with a population of roughly 65,000 residents. Jasper serves as the county seat and principal population center. Much of Walker County remains rural, characterized by forested ridges and valleys along the southern edge of the Appalachian foothills, with waterways such as the Sipsey Fork of the Black Warrior River. The local economy has historically emphasized coal production and related industries, alongside manufacturing, services, and commuting ties to the Birmingham area. Cultural life reflects a blend of small-town institutions and regional North Alabama traditions.

Walker County Local Demographic Profile

Walker County is located in north-central Alabama, within the Birmingham–Hoover–Talladega Combined Statistical Area and anchored by the city of Jasper. For county services and planning context, see the Walker County official website.

Population Size

According to the U.S. Census Bureau’s QuickFacts for Walker County, Alabama, the county’s population was 65,342 (2020).

Age & Gender

County-level age distribution and sex composition are published by the U.S. Census Bureau. The most consistently accessible public summary for Walker County is available via Census Bureau QuickFacts, which reports:

  • Age distribution: Share of residents under 18, 18–64, and 65+ (including median age) under the “Age and Sex” section.
  • Gender ratio: Percent female and percent male under the “Age and Sex” section.

Exact percentages vary by release/update cycle; the authoritative county figures are maintained on the linked Census Bureau pages.

Racial & Ethnic Composition

County-level racial and Hispanic/Latino origin statistics are published by the U.S. Census Bureau. The most accessible public summary for Walker County is provided in the “Race and Hispanic Origin” section of Census Bureau QuickFacts, including:

  • Race categories (e.g., White, Black or African American, Asian, two or more races)
  • Hispanic or Latino (of any race)

Exact percentages vary by release/update cycle; the authoritative county figures are maintained on the linked Census Bureau pages.

Household & Housing Data

The U.S. Census Bureau publishes core household and housing indicators for Walker County via Census Bureau QuickFacts, including:

  • Households: total households and average household size (under “Families & Living Arrangements”)
  • Housing: total housing units, owner-occupied vs. renter-occupied shares, and selected housing characteristics (under “Housing”)

For additional county-level tables and downloads (including American Community Survey detailed tables used in QuickFacts), see the Census Bureau’s data.census.gov portal.

Email Usage

Walker County’s largely rural geography outside Jasper and dispersed settlement patterns can constrain digital communication by increasing last‑mile network costs and creating coverage gaps compared with denser metro areas. Direct county-level email usage statistics are not routinely published; email access is commonly inferred from household connectivity and device availability.

Digital access indicators are best represented by American Community Survey measures of household broadband subscriptions and computer ownership, which serve as proxies for the share of residents able to create and reliably use email accounts (see U.S. Census Bureau data.census.gov). Age composition also influences adoption: counties with larger older-adult shares typically show lower take-up of online communication tools, while working-age and student populations tend to rely more on email for employment, education, and services (county demographics available through U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts (Walker County, Alabama)). Gender distribution is generally less predictive of email access than age and connectivity; it is mainly relevant insofar as it correlates with labor force participation and caregiving roles.

Connectivity constraints affecting email include limited provider competition, terrain-related buildout challenges, and pockets of insufficient fixed broadband, which can push residents toward mobile-only access. Reference infrastructure context is available via the NTIA BroadbandUSA program and local information from Walker County, Alabama government.

Mobile Phone Usage

Walker County is in north-central Alabama, west of Birmingham, and includes the cities of Jasper and Carbon Hill. The county mixes small urban centers with extensive rural and semi-rural areas, with forested and hilly terrain typical of the Appalachian foothills. Those characteristics (lower population density outside Jasper, uneven topography, and longer last‑mile distances) are associated with greater variability in mobile signal quality and more frequent reliance on fixed wireless or mobile broadband in areas with limited wired options.

Key terms: network availability vs. adoption

  • Network availability (supply-side) refers to where mobile carriers report service coverage (e.g., 4G LTE or 5G).
  • Household adoption (demand-side) refers to whether residents subscribe to and use mobile service or mobile broadband, including whether households are “wireless-only” (no landline) or “mobile-only internet” (smartphone as the primary/only internet connection).

County-level adoption measures are more limited and are often reported at broader geographies (state or national) or by survey microdata rather than as a single published county estimate.

Mobile penetration and access indicators (adoption)

Household phone access (ACS)

The most consistently available public indicator related to “mobile penetration” at county scale is the American Community Survey (ACS) measure of telephone service availability (a household-level access indicator, not a carrier coverage measure). It reports households with/without any telephone service and can distinguish “cell phone only” versus other telephone arrangements in detailed tables.

  • Primary source: the U.S. Census Bureau’s ACS telephone service tables, accessible via Census.gov (data.census.gov).
  • Limitation: ACS telephone questions measure household telephone service categories, not signal strength, network technology, or mobile broadband performance.

Household internet access and “smartphone-only” internet (ACS)

ACS also measures internet subscription types and whether a household has access via cellular data plan. These data are useful for distinguishing:

  • Households with cellular data plan as part of internet access

  • Households with mobile-only patterns in places where wired broadband is less available or less affordable

  • Primary source: ACS “Types of Internet Subscriptions” tables on Census.gov.

  • Limitation: ACS does not directly report 4G vs. 5G usage; it captures subscription types (cellular, cable, fiber, DSL, satellite, etc.) rather than radio access technology.

Mobile internet usage patterns (availability of 4G/5G vs. observed use)

4G LTE and 5G availability (FCC coverage reporting)

Mobile network availability for Walker County is best represented using FCC-reported carrier coverage datasets, which show where providers report offering service by technology generation.

Key interpretation limits for county use:

  • FCC mobile availability is generally derived from provider propagation models and reported coverage polygons, not continuous drive-test results.
  • Availability indicates where service is claimed to be available, not whether a specific household subscribes, receives consistent indoor coverage, or attains a particular speed.

Observed usage patterns (county-level limitations)

Publicly published, county-specific breakdowns of actual mobile data usage (share of residents using 4G vs. 5G, mobile traffic volumes, or device-level radio attachment) are generally not available as official statistics. Such metrics are often held by carriers or commercial analytics firms and are not typically released at county resolution in an official, regularly updated format.

Common device types (smartphones vs. other devices)

What can be measured publicly

At county level, the most common public proxies for “device types” are:

  • Household computer ownership and smartphone presence indicators in ACS (e.g., whether the household has a smartphone, desktop/laptop, tablet, etc., depending on table vintage and definitions).
  • Internet access via cellular data plan in ACS, which correlates with smartphone-based connectivity but does not strictly identify the exact device used (phone vs. hotspot vs. tablet).

Primary source for these indicators: Census.gov (ACS tables on devices/computing and internet subscriptions).
Limitation: ACS device categories do not map to radio technology (4G/5G) and do not identify carrier, plan quality, or indoor coverage.

What is not reliably available at county scale

  • A definitive county estimate of smartphone vs. feature phone ownership is not typically published as an official county statistic.
  • Market research surveys sometimes estimate smartphone penetration, but these are often not released with transparent methods at county granularity.

Demographic and geographic factors influencing mobile usage and connectivity

Settlement pattern and population density

Walker County’s urbanized areas (notably Jasper) tend to support denser cell site placement and more consistent capacity. Lower-density areas typically experience:

  • Greater variation in indoor coverage
  • Larger “cell breathing” effects during congestion (capacity constraints)
  • More reliance on macro sites rather than dense small-cell deployments

These factors affect network performance and consistency, distinct from whether households subscribe.

Terrain and land cover

Hilly terrain and forest cover common to north-central Alabama can reduce line-of-sight and increase signal attenuation, especially in valleys and behind ridgelines. This can lead to localized coverage gaps even within generally “served” areas in coverage maps. This is a physical propagation constraint, not an adoption measure.

Socioeconomic factors (adoption side)

Household income, age distribution, and educational attainment influence:

  • Likelihood of maintaining multiple connectivity options (wired broadband plus mobile)
  • Likelihood of mobile-only internet reliance
  • Device replacement cycles and uptake of 5G-capable phones

County-level socioeconomic context is available through the ACS demographic and economic profiles on Census.gov.
Limitation: these data describe demographics and economics but do not directly measure “4G usage” or “5G adoption.”

Local and state broadband context (for interpreting mobile reliance)

Alabama’s statewide broadband planning and mapping resources provide context for areas where residents may rely more heavily on mobile connectivity due to limited wired options.

Summary of what can be stated with high confidence (and key limitations)

  • Availability (network-side): 4G LTE and 5G availability for Walker County can be evaluated using provider-reported FCC mobile coverage layers via the FCC National Broadband Map. This indicates claimed service presence, not guaranteed indoor coverage or performance.
  • Adoption (household-side): Household phone service categories, internet subscription types (including cellular data plan), and related demographic correlates are available from the ACS via Census.gov. These measure adoption and access at the household level, not signal quality or radio technology generation.
  • Device types and 4G/5G usage patterns: Public, official county-level statistics on smartphone vs. feature phone ownership and on actual 4G vs. 5G usage shares are limited; ACS provides partial proxies (device ownership and cellular data plan subscription) without technology-generation detail.

Social Media Trends

Walker County is in north-central Alabama, anchored by Jasper and located within the Birmingham media and commuting sphere. The county’s mix of small-city and rural communities, a historically coal-influenced economy, and strong local institutions (schools, churches, civic and sports communities) tends to support high use of mainstream, mobile-first platforms for local news, community discussion, and interpersonal communication.

User statistics (penetration / active use)

  • Local (Walker County-specific) penetration: No authoritative, county-level public dataset consistently reports social media penetration or “active user” rates for Walker County alone.
  • Best-available proxy (U.S. adults; commonly used for local baselining):
    • About 69% of U.S. adults use Facebook (usage varies by age and other demographics) per the Pew Research Center’s Social Media Use in 2023.
    • Social media use is widely distributed across platforms nationally, with usage concentrated in Facebook, YouTube, Instagram, and TikTok (see “Most-used platforms” below).
  • Connectivity context: Social platform use in counties with rural areas is shaped by broadband and mobile access patterns. Nationally, broadband adoption and smartphone reliance patterns are tracked by Pew in its Internet & Technology research, which is commonly used to contextualize local digital behavior where county-level data is limited.

Age group trends (who uses social media most)

National survey data indicates age is the strongest predictor of platform mix and intensity:

  • 18–29: Highest multi-platform usage; comparatively higher Instagram, TikTok, Snapchat usage. (Pew: Social Media Use in 2023)
  • 30–49: Broad usage across Facebook, YouTube, Instagram; frequent use for local information, groups, events, and marketplace activity.
  • 50–64: Heavier reliance on Facebook and YouTube than newer short-form platforms.
  • 65+: Lowest overall social usage; those who do participate skew strongly toward Facebook and YouTube.

For Walker County, the age pattern typically translates into:

  • Facebook functioning as the cross-generational “default” network (community posts, local happenings, family connections).
  • TikTok/Instagram concentrating among younger adults and older teens, with content discovery and entertainment being central.

Gender breakdown

Walker County-specific gender splits by platform are not published in consistent public sources. Nationally:

  • Women are more likely than men to use several major platforms, including Facebook and Instagram, while some platforms show narrower differences. Pew reports platform usage by gender in its Social Media Use in 2023 tables.
  • In local-community contexts like Walker County, this frequently manifests as higher visibility of women in community-group participation, school/community updates, and local commerce posts on Facebook-type networks, consistent with national patterns of participation in community-oriented social spaces.

Most-used platforms (with percentages where possible)

No reliable public source provides platform market shares specifically for Walker County. The most defensible figures come from U.S. adult usage (Pew, 2023), which is commonly used as a local benchmark:

In Walker County’s small-city/rural setting, the functional hierarchy commonly aligns with:

  • Facebook + YouTube as the most universal
  • Instagram/TikTok as the dominant entertainment and creator platforms for younger cohorts
  • Nextdoor and LinkedIn tending to be less central outside professional hubs, relative to metro cores

Behavioral trends (engagement patterns / preferences)

  • Community information and local news distribution: Facebook remains the primary venue for community announcements, local events, school and sports updates, weather impacts, and public-safety sharing, reflecting its national role as a community network (Pew platform usage context: Pew).
  • Video-led consumption: With YouTube’s very high penetration (83% nationally), video is a dominant format for news clips, how-to content, faith and music programming, local sports highlights, and entertainment.
  • Short-form video preference among younger users: TikTok and Instagram Reels support high-frequency viewing and algorithmic discovery; engagement is commonly concentrated in watch time, shares, and comments rather than outbound link clicks.
  • Private and semi-private sharing: Across U.S. adults, messaging and smaller-group sharing plays a major role in how people distribute content; Pew tracks broader shifts in social behaviors and platform use in its Internet & Technology research. In counties like Walker, this often complements public posting with group chats and closed groups for churches, schools, teams, and extended family networks.
  • Commerce behavior: Facebook Marketplace-style usage is typically prominent in non-metro areas due to convenience and locality (pickup logistics, local trust networks), producing high engagement with listings, comments, and direct messages rather than public reposting.

Notes on data quality: County-level social platform penetration and platform-by-platform shares are generally proprietary (platform internal analytics, ad tools, or paid panels). The percentages above reflect U.S. adult usage from Pew Research Center and are the most widely cited public benchmark for local-area summaries where county-specific measures are not available.

Family & Associates Records

Walker County family and associate-related public records are maintained through Alabama’s state vital records system and county courts. Birth and death certificates are created and registered with the Alabama Department of Public Health (ADPH) Center for Health Statistics; certified copies are issued through ADPH and county health departments. Marriage records are filed under Alabama’s marriage certificate process (recorded and accessible through county probate offices and the state system). Adoption records are handled through the courts and are generally sealed, with limited access under state rules.

Publicly searchable databases are limited for vital records because Alabama treats birth and death certificates as restricted records for set periods. Walker County court and recording access is typically provided through county offices rather than comprehensive open databases.

Access options include online requests for vital records through ADPH’s ordering service and in-person requests through the county health department and relevant county offices. County-recorded documents and some court/probate information are accessed in person at the Walker County Probate Office or Clerk of Court, and through any official online portals they maintain.

Privacy restrictions commonly apply to birth, death, and adoption records, limiting certified copies to eligible requestors and requiring identification and fees.

Links: Alabama Department of Public Health – Vital Records; Walker County, Alabama (official county website).

Marriage & Divorce Records

Types of records available

  • Marriage records (licenses/certificates)

    • Walker County issues marriage licenses through the Walker County Probate Court and maintains county marriage records.
    • Alabama also maintains a statewide marriage certificate index covering modern marriage filings.

  • Divorce records (decrees/case files)

    • Divorce decrees and associated case files are created and maintained by the Walker County Circuit Court (domestic relations).
    • Alabama maintains a statewide divorce certificate index (a statistical record distinct from the full court case file).

  • Annulments

    • Annulment actions are handled as court matters and are maintained with domestic relations case records in the Walker County Circuit Court. Final orders are part of the court file.

Where records are filed and how they can be accessed

  • Walker County Probate Court (marriage)

    • Primary county office for marriage license/record filing and local access.
    • Access is typically provided by requesting copies from the Probate Court and paying applicable fees.

  • Walker County Circuit Court / Circuit Clerk (divorce and annulment)

    • The Circuit Clerk is the custodian of divorce and annulment case records filed in the county’s circuit court.
    • Access commonly occurs through the Circuit Clerk’s records request process for copies of decrees and filings.

  • Alabama Department of Public Health, Center for Health Statistics (state indexes/certificates)

    • Maintains statewide vital records indexes and issues certified copies of certain vital records, including marriage and divorce certificates for eligible years.
    • Reference: Alabama Vital Records (ADPH)

Typical information included in these records

  • Marriage license/certificate records

    • Full names of the parties
    • Date of marriage/license filing and location (city/county)
    • Ages or dates of birth (varies by record format/era)
    • Officiant information and return/recording details (where applicable)
    • Recording information (book/page or instrument number), depending on county recording practices

  • Divorce decrees/case files

    • Names of the parties and case number
    • Filing date and date of judgment
    • Court and judge information
    • Terms of the decree (commonly property division, custody, support, and related orders), as applicable
    • In some files, supporting pleadings and exhibits may be included as part of the court record

  • Annulment orders/case files

    • Names of the parties and case number
    • Date of order and court/judge information
    • Disposition/order language declaring the marriage void/voidable and any related orders, as applicable

Privacy or legal restrictions

  • Marriage records

    • Alabama marriage records are generally treated as public records at the county level, but certified copies issued by the state may be subject to statutory eligibility rules and identification requirements administered by ADPH.

  • Divorce and annulment records

    • Final judgments/decrees are generally public court records, but case files can include sensitive information.
    • Courts may restrict access through sealing orders, redactions, or confidentiality provisions for specific filings (commonly involving minors, abuse protection matters, medical information, or other protected content).
    • Access to certain information may be limited by Alabama court rules, applicable statutes, and court orders governing confidentiality and record dissemination.

Education, Employment and Housing

Walker County is in north-central Alabama, part of the Birmingham–Hoover Combined Statistical Area, with Jasper as the county seat and largest city. The county has a predominantly small-city and rural settlement pattern, with employment tied to education, healthcare, retail, public administration, and a mix of manufacturing and resource-related activity typical of the region. Population size and demographic detail vary by source and year; the most consistently cited benchmark is the decennial census and subsequent annual estimates published by the U.S. Census Bureau (QuickFacts: Walker County, Alabama).

Education Indicators

Public school systems and schools

Walker County’s public K–12 education is primarily provided by:

  • Walker County School District (Walker County Board of Education)
  • Jasper City Schools
  • Carbon Hill City Schools

Authoritative, up-to-date school counts and school rosters are maintained by the districts and the Alabama State Department of Education; names and openings/closures can change year to year. District and state directories are available through the Alabama State Department of Education district directory and the districts’ official sites.

Student–teacher ratios and graduation rates

  • Graduation rates: Alabama’s official cohort graduation rates are published by the state and typically reported at the district and high-school level. Walker County includes multiple reporting entities (county and city systems), so a single countywide graduation rate may not be reported consistently across sources. The most comparable official figures are the district/school ACGR values in the state report cards published by the Alabama State Report Card.
  • Student–teacher ratios: Ratios also vary by district and school level and are best taken from official district profiles or state report cards. Third‑party sources may publish ratios, but the most comparable, audited figures are those in state accountability reporting.

Proxy note: When a single countywide student–teacher ratio or graduation rate is not consistently published, district-level state report-card figures are the most reliable substitute because they reflect the governing education agencies serving Walker County.

Adult educational attainment (countywide)

Countywide adult education levels are consistently available from the U.S. Census Bureau.

  • Adult attainment indicators (including high school diploma or higher and bachelor’s degree or higher) are published in Census QuickFacts for Walker County and in greater detail via data.census.gov (American Community Survey 5-year tables, which are the standard small-area source).

Notable programs (STEM, career/technical, AP)

  • Career and technical education (CTE): Alabama districts commonly offer CTE pathways aligned to state course codes and credentialing; Walker County’s county and city systems report CTE offerings through their high schools and regional partnerships. Program availability is district- and school-specific and is most reliably verified through district curriculum pages and the state report card.
  • Advanced Placement (AP) / dual enrollment: AP participation and dual-enrollment opportunities are typically offered at the high-school level across Alabama and are often documented in school profiles and course catalogs; AP/college-readiness indicators are also reflected in state report-card components.
  • STEM: STEM programming is commonly embedded through math/science course sequences, career pathways (e.g., health science, engineering-related courses where available), and extracurriculars; district documentation is the most accurate source because offerings vary by school.

Proxy note: District course catalogs and state report-card indicators (college and career readiness, AP/IB participation where applicable) are the most consistent way to document program availability for Walker County’s multiple systems.

School safety measures and counseling resources

Across Alabama public schools, commonly documented safety and student-support components include:

  • Campus access controls, visitor protocols, and coordination with local law enforcement (implementation varies by campus).
  • School counseling services (generally at elementary, middle, and high school levels), with additional supports such as school psychologists or social workers depending on district staffing.

Specific safety plans and mental-health staffing are typically summarized in district handbooks and board policies rather than in countywide statistical profiles; district policy repositories and student handbooks are the most direct documentation.

Employment and Economic Conditions

Unemployment (most recent available)

Major industries and employment sectors

Walker County’s employment base reflects a typical north-central Alabama county economy with a strong presence of:

  • Educational services and healthcare/social assistance
  • Retail trade
  • Manufacturing
  • Construction
  • Public administration
  • Transportation/warehousing and utilities (regionally relevant)
  • Accommodation and food services

The most comparable sector breakdowns for residents are reported in the American Community Survey (ACS) industry-of-employment tables on data.census.gov.

Common occupations and workforce breakdown

Common occupational groupings for county residents (ACS categories) typically include:

  • Office and administrative support
  • Sales and related
  • Production
  • Transportation and material moving
  • Management/business/science/arts
  • Healthcare support and practitioners
  • Construction and extraction
  • Education, training, and library
  • Food preparation and serving

The most defensible “workforce breakdown” uses ACS occupation tables (by share of employed residents) from data.census.gov rather than employer-location datasets, because resident-based commuting out of county is common in the Birmingham region.

Commuting patterns and mean commute time

  • Mean travel time to work and commuting mode split (drive alone, carpool, work from home, etc.) are published in ACS commuting tables on data.census.gov.
  • Walker County’s commuting pattern is shaped by ties to nearby employment centers in the Birmingham metro, with substantial commuting along major corridors toward Jefferson County and other adjacent counties.

Local employment vs out-of-county work

  • The best publicly accessible proxy for “local employment vs out-of-county work” is the ACS place of work and county-to-county commuting series where available, supplemented by Census longitudinal commuting products. A standard reference for commuting flows is the Census “Journey to Work”/commuting data accessible through data.census.gov and related Census commuting resources.
  • In practical terms, Walker County includes both locally employed residents (education, healthcare, retail, construction, local government) and a notable share commuting to larger job centers in the Birmingham area.

Proxy note: County-to-county flow products can lag the most recent ACS year; ACS 5-year “place of work” and “travel time” tables remain the most consistent county-level source.

Housing and Real Estate

Tenure: homeownership and renting

  • Homeownership rate and renter share are published in the ACS housing characteristics tables and summarized in Census QuickFacts for Walker County. These are the standard countywide tenure indicators.

Median property values and recent trends

  • Median value of owner-occupied housing units (ACS) is published via QuickFacts and data.census.gov.
  • Recent trends: County-specific market trend reporting is typically assembled by private listing platforms and local REALTOR® association publications; these are not always methodologically comparable to ACS. The most defensible “trend” indicator available from official statistics is change across successive ACS 5-year releases, noting that ACS reflects survey-based estimates rather than sale prices.

Proxy note: For trend context where sales-based indices are not available in a consistent public series, ACS multi-year changes in median value serve as a standardized proxy.

Typical rent prices

  • Median gross rent is published in ACS and summarized in QuickFacts. Gross rent includes contract rent plus estimated utilities and is the standard countywide benchmark.

Housing stock types

Walker County’s housing stock is characterized by:

  • A large share of single-family detached homes and manufactured housing, reflecting rural and small-city development patterns.
  • Apartments and small multifamily buildings concentrated in and around Jasper and other incorporated areas.
  • Rural lots and unincorporated housing with larger parcels outside city centers.

The ACS provides countywide counts/shares by structure type (single-family, multifamily size bands, mobile/manufactured homes) on data.census.gov.

Neighborhood characteristics (proximity to schools/amenities)

  • Incorporated areas such as Jasper, Carbon Hill, and other towns generally provide closer proximity to schools, grocery/retail nodes, and civic services.
  • Unincorporated areas tend to feature larger lots, fewer sidewalks, and longer drive times to schools and healthcare, consistent with the county’s rural geography.

Because “neighborhood characteristics” are not a single official county statistic, the most consistent proxy indicators are (1) housing density/structure type (ACS), (2) commuting time (ACS), and (3) municipal boundaries and school attendance zones published by districts.

Property tax overview (rate and typical cost)

  • Alabama property taxes are administered at the county level with rates varying by taxing jurisdiction (county, municipality, and school tax districts). Walker County property tax and appraisal administration information is provided by the Walker County Revenue Office and the county’s assessing/appraisal functions.
  • For statewide comparability, the most cited benchmark is Alabama’s generally low effective property tax burden relative to the U.S., but the typical homeowner cost in Walker County depends on assessed value, classification, and local millage. Official millage rates and examples are typically published through county revenue/commission documentation and Alabama tax guidance rather than ACS.

Proxy note: When a single countywide “average effective tax rate” is not published in an official county series, jurisdiction-specific millage schedules and state property tax rules are the most accurate references for estimating typical bills by home value.*

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Other Counties in Alabama