Clay County is located in the southeastern corner of South Dakota along the Nebraska state line, with the Missouri River forming much of its western boundary. Established in 1862 and organized in 1869, it developed as part of the state’s early agricultural settlement zone and later as a regional center for higher education. The county is small to mid-sized in population, with roughly 14,000 residents in the 2020 census. Vermillion, the county seat, is the principal population center and home to the University of South Dakota, giving the county a more urbanized core than many surrounding areas. Outside Vermillion, Clay County is largely rural, characterized by farms and small communities across rolling prairie and river-adjacent landscapes. Agriculture remains a foundational element of the local economy, complemented by education, health services, and related public-sector employment. Cultural life is shaped by both university activity and long-standing Plains settlement patterns.
Clay County Local Demographic Profile
Clay County is located in far southeastern South Dakota along the Missouri River, bordering Nebraska. The county seat is Vermillion, home to the University of South Dakota, and the county is part of the Sioux City, IA–NE–SD metropolitan area.
Population Size
According to the U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts for Clay County, South Dakota, the county’s population was 14,967 (2020), with a 2023 population estimate of 15,277.
Age & Gender
According to data.census.gov (American Community Survey, county profile tables), Clay County’s age structure reflects a large college-aged population centered in Vermillion.
- Median age: 23.1 years (QuickFacts, ACS 2018–2022)
- Gender ratio (sex distribution): QuickFacts provides county-level counts/percentages by sex (ACS 2018–2022) via the Clay County profile: sex and age characteristics.
Note: Exact male/female percentage values vary by ACS release year; the QuickFacts page displays the current ACS-based percentages for the county.
Racial & Ethnic Composition
According to the U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts profile (ACS 2018–2022), Clay County’s population is reported by race and Hispanic/Latino origin in standard Census categories, including:
- White (alone)
- Black or African American (alone)
- American Indian and Alaska Native (alone)
- Asian (alone)
- Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander (alone)
- Two or more races
- Hispanic or Latino (of any race)
The QuickFacts profile provides the county’s percentages for each category and is the primary Census Bureau summary source for current county-level composition.
Household and Housing Data
According to the U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts profile for Clay County (ACS 2018–2022 and 2020 Census where noted), key household and housing measures include:
- Households and persons per household (ACS)
- Owner-occupied housing rate (ACS)
- Median value of owner-occupied housing units (ACS)
- Median selected monthly owner costs (with and without a mortgage) (ACS)
- Median gross rent (ACS)
- Total housing units (2020 Census / ACS, displayed in QuickFacts)
For local government and planning resources, visit the Clay County official website.
Email Usage
Clay County, South Dakota is anchored by Vermillion and the University of South Dakota, with more rural areas outside the city; lower population density in outlying townships can constrain last‑mile broadband deployment and make digital communication more uneven than in the county seat. Direct county-level email usage statistics are generally not published, so email adoption is inferred from digital access and demographic proxies.
Digital access indicators come from the U.S. Census Bureau’s American Community Survey (data.census.gov), which reports household computer availability and broadband subscription for counties; these measures track the practical ability to maintain regular email access. Age distribution also shapes email use: ACS age profiles for Clay County show the influence of college-age residents alongside older rural populations, a mix associated with high reliance on email in education/work and persistent adoption gaps among some seniors.
Gender distribution is available in ACS profiles but is typically a weaker predictor of email use than age and connectivity.
Connectivity constraints are reflected in statewide and local broadband planning and coverage discussions documented by the South Dakota Broadband Program and Clay County government resources.
Mobile Phone Usage
Clay County is located in southeastern South Dakota along the Missouri River, with Vermillion (home to the University of South Dakota) as the county seat. The county combines a small urban center with surrounding rural townships and agricultural land, creating a mix of higher-density service areas and lower-density areas where terrain, distance from towers, and river-bottom topography can affect radio propagation and backhaul availability. Population density is higher in and near Vermillion and lower in the rural portions of the county, which typically corresponds to stronger, more redundant cellular coverage in town and more variable signal quality farther from population centers.
Data scope and key distinctions (availability vs. adoption)
- Network availability refers to where carriers report being able to provide service (coverage) and what technologies (4G LTE, 5G) are offered. In the U.S., the most widely used public source is the FCC’s Broadband Data Collection (BDC) coverage data.
- Household adoption refers to whether residents subscribe to mobile service and how they use it (smartphone ownership, cellular-only internet households, etc.). For county-level adoption indicators, the most commonly cited sources are the U.S. Census Bureau’s American Community Survey (ACS) tables covering internet subscriptions and device access.
County-level metrics are not uniformly available for every topic (for example, detailed smartphone vs. basic phone shares are often not published at the county level in official datasets). Where Clay County–specific data are unavailable, the limitations are stated explicitly.
Mobile penetration and access indicators (adoption proxies)
What is available at county level
- The ACS provides county estimates on internet subscription types and device access, including measures that can serve as proxies for mobile access (for example, households with a cellular data plan and households that are cellular-only for internet access). These are the best public, regularly updated county-level indicators of mobile access and reliance on mobile networks.
- Primary source: the U.S. Census Bureau’s American Community Survey via Census.gov (American Community Survey).
- Data access portal: data.census.gov (county tables for “Internet subscriptions in household” and “Computer and Internet use”).
What is not consistently available at county level
- Mobile subscription penetration rates (e.g., active SIMs per 100 residents) are typically published at national/state levels or by private industry sources; consistent county-level subscription penetration is not an official, standardized public metric.
- Smartphone ownership rates are commonly available nationally and sometimes by state through surveys, but county-level smartphone vs. feature phone breakdowns are generally not published in ACS as a direct, device-type ownership percentage for individuals.
Mobile internet usage patterns and technology (4G/5G)
Network availability (reported coverage)
- The most direct public evidence of 4G LTE and 5G availability is the FCC’s BDC mobile coverage layers, which reflect carrier-reported coverage by technology.
- Source for coverage maps and downloads: FCC National Broadband Map.
- In Clay County, 4G LTE coverage is generally expected to be widespread in populated areas and along major corridors, with edge-of-cell conditions more likely in sparsely populated rural areas (coverage variability is a function of tower spacing and spectrum characteristics). The FCC map provides the authoritative carrier-reported footprints for the county.
- 5G availability is technology- and carrier-dependent:
- Low-band and mid-band 5G are the primary forms of 5G expected outside major metros; these have broader coverage than millimeter-wave but vary substantially by carrier deployment.
- Millimeter-wave 5G is typically limited to dense urban nodes; consistent countywide rural availability is not generally indicated in public datasets.
- The FCC map differentiates 5G and LTE coverage by provider; it does not directly measure user experience.
Actual usage (measured behavior and performance)
- County-level mobile usage patterns such as share of users primarily on LTE vs. 5G, or time spent on mobile data, are not generally available as official public statistics.
- For performance (download/upload/latency) and technology experience, public data exist primarily through aggregated speed-test programs and FCC challenge processes. These are informative but not a direct measure of adoption.
- FCC data and the process around map verification: FCC Broadband Data Collection.
Common device types (smartphones vs. other devices)
What can be stated with public county-level evidence
- The ACS provides county-level indicators for the presence of computing devices in households (desktop/laptop, tablet) and whether a household has internet access, but it does not provide a clean county estimate explicitly labeled “smartphone ownership rate” comparable to national survey measures.
- The most defensible county-level statement is that mobile access in Clay County is captured indirectly through household cellular data plan subscriptions and cellular-only internet households as reported in ACS tables accessed through data.census.gov.
Limitations on device-type detail
- The distribution of smartphones vs. basic/feature phones is typically derived from private surveys or proprietary carrier data rather than standardized county-level public reporting.
- Usage of mobile hotspots, fixed wireless gateways, and connected devices (IoT) is not systematically reported at the county level in public datasets.
Demographic and geographic factors influencing mobile usage in Clay County
Settlement pattern (Vermillion vs. rural townships)
- Clay County’s mixed settlement pattern creates two common connectivity contexts:
- Town/near-town areas (Vermillion) generally support denser tower placement and stronger indoor coverage, with greater likelihood of multi-carrier overlap.
- Rural areas tend to have larger cell sizes and fewer towers; users may experience more coverage variation, particularly indoors and in low-lying or river-influenced terrain.
Institutional anchor and population characteristics
- Vermillion’s role as a university town can influence local mobile demand (higher data usage concentrations near campus and student housing), but county-level, device-specific usage statistics attributable to the university are not published as standardized public measures. Population and housing characteristics that correlate with mobile-only reliance (age distribution, rental housing share, student presence) can be examined through the ACS.
- County demographic and housing profiles: U.S. Census Bureau data portal.
Income, affordability, and mobile-only reliance
- Nationally, mobile-only internet access is more common among lower-income households and renters; however, Clay County-specific conclusions require ACS table values rather than inference. The ACS internet subscription tables provide the county estimates needed to evaluate mobile-only reliance.
- ACS reference documentation: Census Bureau computer and internet use topic pages.
Public sources used for county-level connectivity context
- Network availability (4G/5G coverage): FCC National Broadband Map and FCC Broadband Data Collection.
- Household adoption indicators (cellular data plan, cellular-only households, device access proxies): Census.gov (ACS) and data.census.gov.
- State broadband planning context: South Dakota broadband office resources (program context and planning documentation; not a direct measure of mobile adoption).
Summary (availability vs. adoption, clearly separated)
- Availability: 4G LTE and 5G availability in Clay County is best documented through carrier-reported FCC coverage layers; these describe where service is offered, not how many households subscribe or the speeds residents actually receive.
- Adoption: Household reliance on mobile service is best measured through ACS county estimates (cellular data plans and cellular-only internet households). County-level smartphone ownership shares and detailed device-type breakdowns are not consistently available through official public datasets, so device conclusions must be limited to ACS device-access proxies rather than specific smartphone vs. feature phone rates.
Social Media Trends
Clay County is in southeastern South Dakota along the Missouri River, anchored by Vermillion and the University of South Dakota. A large student population, steady commuting ties to the Sioux City metro area, and a mix of education- and services-oriented employment tend to correlate with higher social media adoption and heavier use of video- and messaging-centric platforms than in older, more rural counties.
User statistics (penetration/active use)
- County-specific social media penetration: No authoritative, routinely updated public dataset reports platform usage penetration at the county level for Clay County.
- Best-available benchmark (U.S. adults): About 69% of U.S. adults report using at least one social media site, based on Pew Research Center’s Social Media Fact Sheet. Clay County’s university presence is a local factor associated with higher-than-average social media use relative to national rural averages, but a precise county estimate is not publicly standardized.
Age group trends
National survey data consistently shows usage is highest among younger adults:
- 18–29: highest adoption across most major platforms (especially Instagram, Snapchat, TikTok)
- 30–49: high adoption; strong use of Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, and LinkedIn
- 50–64: moderate adoption; Facebook and YouTube dominate
- 65+: lowest adoption; Facebook and YouTube are most common among users
Source: Pew Research Center platform-by-age tables.
Clay County implication: Vermillion’s student concentration increases the share of residents in the highest-usage age bands, typically boosting TikTok/Instagram/Snapchat usage relative to counties with older age structures.
Gender breakdown
- Overall pattern: Women are more likely than men to report using certain platforms (notably Facebook, Instagram, Pinterest), while YouTube is broadly used across genders; Reddit skews more male in many surveys.
Source: Pew Research Center gender splits by platform. - County-specific gender split: No standardized public dataset provides platform usage by gender specifically for Clay County.
Most-used platforms (percent using among U.S. adults)
Percentages below are U.S.-level benchmarks from Pew (most recent fact-sheet updates vary by platform year; Pew maintains the compiled table):
- YouTube: ~83%
- Facebook: ~68%
- Instagram: ~47%
- Pinterest: ~35%
- TikTok: ~33%
- LinkedIn: ~30%
- Snapchat: ~27%
- X (Twitter): ~22%
- WhatsApp: ~20%
- Reddit: ~22%
Source: Pew Research Center’s platform usage estimates.
Clay County implication: A university-centered community typically elevates Instagram/Snapchat/TikTok presence, while Facebook remains important for community groups, local news sharing, and events.
Behavioral trends (engagement patterns and preferences)
- Video-first consumption is central: YouTube usage is near-universal among social media users nationally, and TikTok’s growth is concentrated among younger adults; short-form video is a primary discovery format. Source: Pew Research Center social media platform trends.
- Local information and community coordination: Smaller communities commonly rely on Facebook for event promotion, local announcements, buy/sell activity, and civic information flows; this pattern aligns with Facebook’s broad reach across age groups. Source: Pew Research Center (Facebook reach across demographics).
- Messaging and “friends-and-family” networks: Younger adults tend to combine public feeds (TikTok/Instagram) with private or semi-private communication (Snapchat/DMs). This aligns with national findings showing heavier use of visually oriented platforms among ages 18–29. Source: Pew Research Center demographic usage patterns.
- Professional networking tied to the university and health/education sectors: LinkedIn use is concentrated among college graduates and higher-income adults nationally, matching Clay County’s institutional anchor and professional workforce mix. Source: Pew Research Center (LinkedIn user profile).
Family & Associates Records
Clay County-related family records are maintained through a mix of county and state offices. Birth and death records are South Dakota vital records and are issued by the South Dakota Department of Health, Office of Vital Records; certified copies are not fully public and are generally limited to eligible requesters under state rules. Adoption records are handled through the South Dakota court system and are typically sealed, with access restricted by statute and court order.
Clay County maintains public court and property records that can document family and associate relationships indirectly (for example, marriage/divorce case filings, probate/estate files, guardianships/conservatorships, deeds, and recorded instruments). Many court indexes are accessible statewide through South Dakota Unified Judicial System (UJS) resources, including its public access portal where available. Recorded land records are accessed through the Clay County offices, typically the Register of Deeds and Clerk of Courts; office contact and hours are published on the county website.
Online databases vary by record type and may provide indexes rather than images; in-person access is commonly available at the relevant county office during business hours. Privacy restrictions commonly apply to vital records, adoption case files, and certain court records involving minors or protected information; public versions may be redacted.
Marriage & Divorce Records
Types of records available
Marriage records
- Marriage license and marriage certificate/return: A marriage license is issued prior to the ceremony, and the completed marriage return (sometimes called a certificate) is filed after the ceremony to document that the marriage occurred.
Divorce records
- Divorce case file and divorce decree (judgment and decree of divorce): The court case record typically includes pleadings and orders; the decree is the final court order dissolving the marriage and may address custody, support, and property distribution.
Annulment records
- Annulment case file and decree of annulment: Annulments are handled as court actions; the final order declares the marriage void or voidable under South Dakota law.
Where records are filed and how they can be accessed
Marriage records (local and state custodians)
- Clay County Register of Deeds (local filing/issuance): Marriage licenses are issued at the county level, and the completed marriage return is recorded with the county.
- South Dakota Department of Health—Vital Records (state-level copies): The state maintains vital records, including marriage records, and issues certified copies under state rules.
Divorce and annulment records (court custodian)
- South Dakota Unified Judicial System—Circuit Court for Clay County (court filing/records): Divorce and annulment actions are filed and maintained by the circuit court serving Clay County. Court clerks maintain the official case file and the final decree/orders.
- Public access vs. clerk-provided copies: Access is generally through the clerk of court for copies and, where available, through public-access court record systems for basic case information. Sealed or confidential materials are not available through public access.
Typical information included in these records
Marriage license / marriage return
- Full names of the parties
- Date and place of marriage (as recorded on the return)
- County of issuance/recording
- Officiant name/title and signature
- Witness information (where required on the return)
- Date the license was issued and date the return was filed/recorded
- Sometimes: ages or dates of birth, residence addresses, and prior marital status (varies by form and time period)
Divorce decree and court file
- Names of the parties and case number
- Date the action was filed and date the decree was entered
- Findings and orders dissolving the marriage
- Orders on:
- Legal/physical custody and parenting time (when applicable)
- Child support and medical support (when applicable)
- Spousal support (when applicable)
- Division of marital property and debts
- Restoration of a former name (when requested and ordered)
- Supporting filings in the case file may include complaints/petitions, affidavits, settlement agreements, and other motions/orders.
Annulment decree and court file
- Names of the parties and case number
- Court determination regarding validity of the marriage (void/voidable) and basis stated in the order or findings
- Orders addressing related issues (property, support, children) where applicable
- Underlying pleadings and supporting documents in the case file
Privacy or legal restrictions
Marriage records
- Marriage records are treated as vital records. Access to certified copies is governed by South Dakota vital records laws and administrative rules, which typically limit certified copies to eligible persons and require proof of identity and payment of required fees.
- Non-certified informational copies may be subject to additional limitations depending on the custodian’s policies and the specific record.
Divorce and annulment court records
- Court records are generally subject to public access, but confidentiality rules and court orders limit access to certain information and documents.
- Common restrictions include:
- Sealed cases or sealed documents by court order
- Confidential information protected by court rules (for example, identifying information about minors, financial account numbers, Social Security numbers, and certain sensitive reports)
- Restricted family-law materials in the court file depending on record type and governing court rules
- Certified copies of decrees are typically issued by the clerk of court, subject to applicable court rules, identification requirements, and fees.
Education, Employment and Housing
Clay County is in far southeastern South Dakota along the Missouri River, bordering Nebraska and anchored by the Vermillion micropolitan area (home to the University of South Dakota). The county’s population is shaped by a mix of long‑term rural residents and a large student presence tied to the university, which influences educational attainment, the local labor market, and a higher share of renter housing near Vermillion.
Education Indicators
Public schools (count and names)
Clay County’s K–12 public education is primarily provided by two districts:
- Vermillion School District 13‑1
- Vermillion High School
- Vermillion Middle School
- Jolley Elementary School
- Austin Elementary School
- Irene–Wakonda School District 63‑3
- Irene–Wakonda School (commonly organized as elementary and secondary grades on one campus)
School listings and district profiles are published by the South Dakota Department of Education in its district/school directories and report cards (see the South Dakota Department of Education and its district reporting pages).
Student–teacher ratios and graduation rates
- Student–teacher ratios: Countywide ratios are not consistently published as a single “county” figure; the most comparable measure is typically district-level student-to-teacher staffing reported in state district report cards and the federal NCES profiles. In southeastern South Dakota districts, ratios commonly fall in the mid‑teens (roughly 14–16 students per teacher) as a practical proxy; district-level values should be taken from the latest state report card or NCES school and district profiles.
- Graduation rates: South Dakota’s statewide 4‑year adjusted cohort graduation rate is generally in the mid‑80% range in recent years, and district rates vary year to year with cohort size. The most recent district-specific graduation rates for Vermillion and Irene–Wakonda are reported through the state’s official accountability/report card publications (South Dakota DOE).
Adult education levels (highest attainment)
The most comparable, routinely updated county estimates come from the U.S. Census Bureau’s American Community Survey (ACS):
- High school diploma (or higher), age 25+: Clay County is typically around 90%+ (ACS 5‑year estimate; county profile).
- Bachelor’s degree or higher, age 25+: Clay County is notably above many rural South Dakota counties due to the university presence; ACS county profiles commonly place it in the mid‑30% range (ACS 5‑year estimate).
For the most recent official percentages, use the U.S. Census Bureau’s data.census.gov county education tables (ACS S1501).
Notable programs (STEM, vocational training, AP)
- College pipeline: The presence of the University of South Dakota creates strong dual‑credit/early college and college‑aligned coursework demand in the county, especially through Vermillion-area offerings.
- Career and technical education (CTE): South Dakota districts generally participate in state CTE pathways (agriculture, health sciences, skilled/technical trades, business/IT). District‑level CTE course availability is documented in local course catalogs and state CTE reporting (South Dakota DOE CTE).
- Advanced coursework: Larger districts in the county (notably Vermillion) commonly offer Advanced Placement (AP) and/or dual‑credit options, with specific AP course availability varying by year and staffing; course catalogs and state report cards are the standard references.
(Program catalogs vary by district and year; the best public source is each district’s published course handbook and the South Dakota DOE district profiles.)
School safety measures and counseling resources
- Safety measures: Public schools in South Dakota commonly use controlled building access, visitor management procedures, crisis response planning, and coordination with local law enforcement; district safety plans and board policies provide specifics.
- Student support: School counseling services are standard in K–12 systems (academic planning, mental health referrals, crisis support), often supplemented by school psychologists/social workers through regional special education cooperatives. District staffing and student support services are typically summarized in district handbooks and state report card staffing sections.
(Countywide, comparable quantitative measures for safety staffing are not consistently published in a single dataset; district policy documents are the definitive source.)
Employment and Economic Conditions
Unemployment rate (most recent available)
- The most current official county unemployment rates are published monthly by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (LAUS) and are also distributed via state labor market information. Clay County’s unemployment rate in recent years has generally been low (commonly in the ~2%–4% range depending on month/season).
- The definitive current value is available from BLS Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) and the state LMI portal (South Dakota Labor Market Information Center).
Major industries and employment sectors
Clay County’s employment base reflects:
- Educational services (driven by the University of South Dakota and local schools)
- Health care and social assistance (regional clinics/hospital services and human services)
- Retail trade and accommodation/food services (Vermillion service economy and student-related demand)
- Public administration (local government and public services)
- Agriculture (significant in rural parts of the county, though modern agriculture often employs fewer workers than its land footprint suggests)
Industry mix and employment counts are available through BLS Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW) and state LMI summaries.
Common occupations and workforce breakdown
Occupational patterns typically mirror the county’s industry base:
- Education, training, and library
- Healthcare practitioners and support
- Food preparation and serving; sales and related
- Office and administrative support
- Management and business operations
- Transportation and material moving (more visible in regional commuting and logistics roles)
For standardized occupational employment estimates and wages for the region, use BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) (often available at metro/micro or state level rather than county-only).
Commuting patterns and mean commute time
- Clay County includes both local employment (Vermillion) and out‑commuting to nearby employment centers in the Sioux Falls–Yankton–Nebraska border region.
- Mean one‑way commute time: County averages in this part of South Dakota commonly fall in the high‑teens to low‑20s minutes; the most recent official Clay County value is published in ACS commuting tables (DP03/S0801).
- Primary commuting mode is typically driving alone, with a measurable share of walking/biking near Vermillion’s campus and working from home increasing compared with pre‑2020 levels.
Reference: ACS commuting and journey-to-work tables on data.census.gov.
Local employment vs. out‑of‑county work
- Vermillion’s institutional employers (university, schools, healthcare, city/county government) support substantial within‑county employment.
- The county also exhibits cross‑county commuting for specialized healthcare, manufacturing, and regional services in nearby counties and across the Nebraska border, consistent with micropolitan labor-shed patterns.
- The most standardized measure is ACS “place of work”/commuting flow information (table sets in ACS and LEHD). For commuter flows, use U.S. Census LEHD OnTheMap.
Housing and Real Estate
Homeownership rate and rental share
- Clay County’s housing tenure is strongly influenced by Vermillion’s student population, producing a higher rental share than many rural South Dakota counties.
- The most recent official owner‑occupied vs. renter‑occupied percentages are reported by the ACS (DP04). Reference: ACS housing tenure tables on data.census.gov.
Median property values and recent trends
- Median home value: The ACS provides median value for owner‑occupied housing units; Clay County’s median value typically trends below large metro areas but has increased materially since 2019 in line with statewide and national price growth.
- Trend: Recent years show upward price pressure from limited inventory and higher construction costs, with more pronounced demand near Vermillion (university-adjacent housing).
- For the most current benchmark medians, use ACS DP04 and, for market trend context, regional market reports and the FHFA House Price Index (state/metro measures rather than county-only in many cases).
(County-specific, transaction-based “median sale price” series are not always publicly available without paid data; ACS median value is the standard public proxy.)
Typical rent prices
- The ACS reports median gross rent for the county (DP04). Clay County’s median rent is typically lower than large metros but elevated relative to some rural counties due to university-driven rental demand, especially in Vermillion.
- For the latest median gross rent, use ACS DP04 (Selected Housing Characteristics).
Types of housing
- Vermillion: Higher concentration of apartments and multifamily rentals, including student-oriented housing; also single-family neighborhoods.
- Outside Vermillion: Predominantly single-family homes, farmsteads, and rural lots/acreages, with small-town housing stock in communities such as Wakonda and Irene.
- Housing stock composition (single-unit vs. multi-unit, year built) is available in ACS housing tables (DP04 and detailed tables).
Neighborhood characteristics (proximity to schools or amenities)
- The most amenity-dense and walkable areas are generally in Vermillion, including neighborhoods near USD and the K–12 school campuses, with easier access to retail, healthcare, and recreation along the Missouri River corridor.
- Rural areas offer larger parcels and agricultural adjacency, with longer drives to services and schools.
(Neighborhood-level quantified accessibility metrics are not consistently published countywide; ACS and local GIS/municipal planning documents are typical references.)
Property tax overview (average rate and typical homeowner cost)
- South Dakota property taxes are administered locally with state oversight; effective tax burden is commonly expressed as property taxes paid as a share of home value. Clay County’s effective rate is generally around ~1% (often roughly 1.1%–1.5% as a broad county-level proxy), with variation by taxing district, valuation, and classification.
- The most consistent public comparisons are available via the South Dakota Department of Revenue (property tax statistics and levies) and ACS “median real estate taxes paid” (DP04), which provides a typical annual tax amount for owner-occupied homes.
(Exact homeowner tax bills vary substantially by location within the county and assessed value; ACS median taxes paid and state levy reports are the standard public benchmarks.)
Table of Contents
Other Counties in South Dakota
- Aurora
- Beadle
- Bennett
- Bon Homme
- Brookings
- Brown
- Brule
- Buffalo
- Butte
- Campbell
- Charles Mix
- Clark
- Codington
- Corson
- Custer
- Davison
- Day
- Deuel
- Dewey
- Douglas
- Edmunds
- Fall River
- Faulk
- Grant
- Gregory
- Haakon
- Hamlin
- Hand
- Hanson
- Harding
- Hughes
- Hutchinson
- Hyde
- Jackson
- Jerauld
- Jones
- Kingsbury
- Lake
- Lawrence
- Lincoln
- Lyman
- Marshall
- Mccook
- Mcpherson
- Meade
- Mellette
- Miner
- Minnehaha
- Moody
- Pennington
- Perkins
- Potter
- Roberts
- Sanborn
- Shannon
- Spink
- Stanley
- Sully
- Todd
- Tripp
- Turner
- Union
- Walworth
- Yankton
- Ziebach