Campbell County

Campbell County is located in north-central South Dakota along the North Dakota border, encompassing broad prairie landscapes shaped by agriculture and rangeland. Established in 1873 and organized in 1884, the county developed as part of the region’s late-19th-century settlement pattern tied to homesteading and expanding transportation networks on the northern plains. Campbell County is small in population, with fewer than 2,000 residents in recent decades, and has a low population density typical of rural counties in this part of the state. The economy is primarily based on farming and ranching, with local services centered in its small towns. Land use is dominated by open grasslands and cultivated fields, and community life reflects the social and cultural traditions of the northern Great Plains. The county seat is Mound City.

Campbell County is a sparsely populated county in north-central South Dakota along the North Dakota border. Its county seat is Mound City, and the county lies within the Northern Great Plains region of the state.

Population Size

According to the U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts for Campbell County, South Dakota, the county’s population was 1,346 (2023 estimate) and 1,377 (2020 Census).

Age & Gender

According to data.census.gov (American Community Survey county-level profiles), age distribution and sex composition are reported for Campbell County through standard Census tables (e.g., ACS “Age and Sex” profiles). Exact single-year values are not provided here because they vary by ACS release/year and require table-specific extraction for the selected period. For authoritative figures, use data.census.gov and search “Campbell County, South Dakota” under Age and Sex.

Racial & Ethnic Composition

The U.S. Census Bureau publishes county-level race and Hispanic/Latino origin statistics for Campbell County through QuickFacts and detailed tables on data.census.gov. Exact race/ethnicity shares are not listed here because values differ by dataset (Decennial Census vs. ACS 5-year) and reference year; authoritative county totals and percentages are available directly from the linked Census sources for the selected program and year.

Household & Housing Data

Household counts, household size, and housing occupancy/vacancy measures are published for Campbell County via the U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts page and in more detail through ACS tables on data.census.gov (e.g., “Households and Families” and “Housing” table groups). Exact household and housing figures are not reproduced here because they depend on the specific Census program and year selected; the linked Census sources provide the official counts and rates.

Local Government Reference

For local government contacts and county-level planning resources, visit the Campbell County official website.

Campbell County, South Dakota is sparsely populated and largely rural, conditions that tend to increase last‑mile network costs and can limit reliable home internet—an important prerequisite for routine email use.

Direct county-level email-usage statistics are not generally published; email adoption is therefore inferred from digital access and demographic proxies reported by the U.S. Census Bureau’s American Community Survey (ACS).

Digital access indicators (ACS table series on computers and internet) show how many households report a computer and a broadband subscription; lower broadband subscription rates typically correspond to lower everyday email access. Age structure also affects adoption: older median ages and higher shares of seniors are associated with lower rates of daily email use and higher reliance on in‑person or phone communication, while working‑age residents more often use email for employment and services. Gender distribution is generally not a primary driver of email adoption compared with age and connectivity, though it can correlate with occupational patterns.

Infrastructure limitations in rural counties commonly include fewer wired providers, longer distances to network backbones, and service variability; these constraints are tracked in availability datasets such as the FCC National Broadband Map.

Campbell County is in north-central South Dakota along the North Dakota border, with a very small population concentrated in and around Mound City and large expanses of agricultural land. The county’s low population density and long distances between homes, towns, and tower sites are major constraints on mobile coverage quality and on the economics of deploying newer mobile technologies. County profile basics (population, housing, and geography) are available from Census.gov (data.census.gov).

Key distinction: network availability vs. household adoption

• Network availability refers to where mobile providers report service (e.g., 4G LTE or 5G coverage footprints) and where the FCC recognizes mobile broadband availability.
• Household adoption refers to whether residents actually subscribe to mobile service, rely on smartphones for internet access, or have cellular-enabled devices in the home.

In Campbell County, publicly accessible datasets generally provide coverage availability at finer geographic resolution than adoption. Household adoption is often only published at broader geographies (state, multi-county regions, or survey-based estimates) rather than at the county level.

Mobile penetration or access indicators (county-level where available)

FCC availability indicators (service presence, not subscriptions)

• The most standardized source for mobile broadband availability is the FCC’s Broadband Data Collection (BDC). It indicates where providers report offering mobile broadband service and the technology generation, but it does not measure how many households subscribe.
• FCC BDC data can be accessed via the FCC National Broadband Map, which can be viewed and filtered to Campbell County and to specific technologies (e.g., LTE, 5G variants).

Census indicators (internet access, but not always county-specific for “mobile”)

• The U.S. Census Bureau’s American Community Survey (ACS) includes measures such as households with an internet subscription and smartphone/computing device availability, but mobile-only internet measures are often more reliable at state or larger-area levels than for very small counties due to sampling limitations.
• The most direct place to retrieve any published county estimates (where sample sizes allow) is Census.gov (tables under “Computer and Internet Use”). For Campbell County, some internet-subscription estimates may be suppressed or have large margins of error due to small sample sizes.

Limitation: A definitive “mobile penetration rate” (e.g., percent of residents with a mobile subscription) is not typically published at the county level in a way that is stable for very low-population counties. Where ACS estimates exist, margins of error can be large.

Mobile internet usage patterns (4G/5G availability and typical rural performance context)

4G LTE availability (availability, not adoption)

• In rural Great Plains counties, 4G LTE is generally the baseline mobile broadband technology and is typically the most geographically extensive layer of coverage.
• FCC BDC map layers are the best public reference for reported 4G LTE coverage in Campbell County: FCC National Broadband Map.

5G availability (availability, not adoption)

• 5G availability in rural counties is commonly limited compared with metro areas and may vary substantially by provider, spectrum band, and distance from towers.
• The FCC map distinguishes among reported 5G technologies (as reported by providers) and can be used to identify whether 5G is reported in specific parts of Campbell County: FCC National Broadband Map.

Usage patterns: what can be stated without overreaching

• County-specific “mobile data consumption” (GB per user) is generally not published in an official, comparable public dataset for a county as small as Campbell.
• Practical connectivity patterns in sparsely populated areas often include:
  • Coverage that is strongest near towns and primary roads and weaker in more remote areas (this is a general rural characteristic; specific dead zones require provider engineering data or local measurement).
  • Service quality affected by tower spacing, terrain/vegetation, and indoor signal attenuation in homes/buildings.
• For planning-oriented broadband context in South Dakota (including mapping and program information that may touch mobile and fixed coverage), the statewide reference point is the South Dakota Broadband Program.

Limitation: Without drive-test datasets or independently measured signal data published at county scale, a definitive statement about “typical speeds” across Campbell County cannot be made from FCC availability alone.

Common device types (smartphones vs. other devices)

What is measurable in public datasets

• The ACS “Computer and Internet Use” subject tables can include device-availability concepts (such as the presence of a smartphone and types of computing devices) and subscription types, but county-level reliability for very small counties can be limited.
• Device-type breakdowns (smartphone vs. feature phone vs. hotspots) are not typically published as robust county-level statistics in official datasets.

What can be stated with limitations

• Smartphones are the predominant consumer mobile device category nationally and across South Dakota, but a precise Campbell County percentage is not typically available in a stable county estimate.
• In rural areas, cellular hotspots and fixed wireless gateways may be used as a substitute or supplement for wired broadband in some households; however, quantifying this at county level usually requires survey data not routinely published for small counties.

Limitation: County-level device mix (smartphone vs. non-smartphone) is not commonly available as a definitive statistic for Campbell County from standard public sources.

Demographic and geographic factors influencing mobile usage in Campbell County

Population density and settlement pattern

• Very low population density reduces incentives for dense tower deployment and can increase the distance between a user and the nearest cell site, affecting coverage consistency and capacity. County population and housing distribution context is available via Census.gov.

Land use and terrain

• The county’s rural land use (primarily agricultural) and the wide spacing between communities tend to create larger coverage areas per tower site than in urban counties, which can constrain throughput and indoor coverage at the edges of cells.
• Terrain and vegetation effects are location-specific; broad characterization is more appropriate than site-specific claims without measurement data.

Age, income, and household characteristics (data availability constraints)

• Demographic variables (age distribution, income, poverty status) that correlate with technology adoption are available from the Census Bureau, but connecting them to mobile adoption specifically in Campbell County is difficult without a county-level mobile adoption dataset.
• County demographic profiles can be retrieved from Census.gov and local context from the Campbell County, SD official website.

Practical way to document “availability” vs “adoption” for Campbell County using public sources

• Availability (mobile 4G/5G): Use the FCC National Broadband Map to document where providers report 4G LTE and 5G in Campbell County (by provider and technology).
• Adoption (internet subscription/device availability): Use ACS tables via Census.gov for household internet subscription indicators and device availability, noting any suppression or large margins of error for a small county.
• State broadband context: Use the South Dakota Broadband Program for statewide mapping, initiatives, and methodological notes relevant to rural connectivity.

Data limitations specific to Campbell County

• Small-sample issues: Survey-based county estimates (ACS) can have high uncertainty or be unavailable for detailed mobile-specific measures.
• Coverage vs. performance: FCC BDC availability reflects provider-reported service areas and does not guarantee consistent real-world performance or indoor coverage.
• Adoption not directly measured for mobile: A single, definitive “mobile penetration” metric is not generally published at the county level for Campbell County; adoption must be inferred from broader household internet measures and statewide/mobile market context, with clear separation from availability.

Campbell County is a sparsely populated county in north‑central South Dakota on the North Dakota border; Mound City (the county seat) and Herreid are the primary towns. The area’s agricultural base, long travel distances, and limited retail/service concentration tend to elevate the practical value of mobile connectivity for news, weather, community updates, and commerce, while overall usage levels are constrained by older age structure and rural broadband variability common across the region.

User statistics (penetration / active use)

• County-specific social media penetration: No high-quality, publicly available dataset provides verified social-media penetration rates at the county level for Campbell County specifically.
• Closest defensible benchmark (U.S. adult usage): About 69% of U.S. adults report using at least one social media site, per the Pew Research Center’s social media use report (2023).
• Local context constraint: Campbell County’s small population and older rural demographic profile (typical of north‑central South Dakota) generally corresponds to lower social-media adoption than national averages observed in large surveys, but a precise county rate is not published in major federal or academic sources.

Age group trends (who uses social media most)

National survey patterns are the most reliable proxy for age gradients at the county level:

• Highest use: 18–29 and 30–49 adults show the highest social media adoption in Pew’s national estimates (Pew Research Center).
• Middle: 50–64 adults use social media at lower rates than younger groups, but still represent substantial adoption in national data.
• Lowest use: 65+ adults have the lowest adoption and often different platform preferences (more Facebook; less TikTok/Snapchat), consistent with Pew’s platform-by-age reporting.

Gender breakdown

Reliable gender splits are available from national survey research rather than county-level measurement:

• Overall pattern: Gender differences vary by platform more than for “any social media” usage; several platforms skew modestly toward women (e.g., Pinterest), while others are closer to parity (e.g., YouTube) in Pew’s platform demographic tables (Pew Research Center platform demographics).
• County-specific gender share of users: Not published in public sources for Campbell County.

Most-used platforms (percentages where available)

The most defensible platform percentages come from large national surveys:

• YouTube: 83% of U.S. adults
• Facebook: 68%
• Instagram: 47%
• Pinterest: 35%
• TikTok: 33%
• LinkedIn: 30%
• WhatsApp: 29%
• Snapchat: 27%
• X (formerly Twitter): 22%
  Source: Pew Research Center (2023).

Likely county ordering (inferred from rural/age structure patterns reported in national research):

• Facebook and YouTube tend to dominate for broad reach (community updates, local news sharing, how-to and entertainment video).
• Instagram and TikTok usage is more concentrated among younger residents; overall penetration in older, rural counties is typically lower than national averages for these platforms.

Behavioral trends (engagement patterns / preferences)

• Community information utility: In rural counties, social platforms often function as community bulletin boards (school updates, weather, road conditions, local events). Facebook Groups and local pages commonly concentrate this type of engagement; Pew reports Facebook remains widely used and is especially prevalent among older adults compared with other major platforms (Pew Research Center).
• Video-first consumption: High YouTube penetration nationally supports video as a primary format for entertainment and instructional content; this aligns with rural use cases such as equipment/repair tutorials and agricultural/weather content.
• Age-driven platform segmentation: Pew’s platform-by-age results show TikTok/Snapchat skew younger while Facebook skews older, producing a split where younger users engage more with short-form video and messaging-driven networks and older users engage more with Facebook-centric sharing and local networks (Pew Research Center).
• Engagement cadence: National research consistently finds heavier daily use among younger adults and more periodic use among older adults; this typically manifests locally as frequent mobile engagement among younger cohorts and event-driven/check-in usage among older cohorts.

Campbell County, South Dakota, maintains limited family and associate-related records at the county level. Marriage licenses and marriage records are typically filed and recorded through the Campbell County Register of Deeds. Land records (deeds, mortgages) and recorded instruments that can document family relationships or associates (grantors/grantees, witnesses) are also recorded there. The Clerk of Courts maintains court case records that may involve family or associated parties (civil, criminal, protection orders), subject to access rules.

South Dakota vital records (birth and death certificates) are maintained at the state level by the South Dakota Department of Health, and adoption records are generally handled through the courts and are restricted. Campbell County does not function as the primary repository for birth, death, or adoption certificates.

Public online databases vary. Property and tax-related lookup tools and recorded document information may be available via county systems or vendor portals linked from official pages. In-person access is commonly provided during office hours for recorded documents and many court records.

Access points include the Campbell County offices directory (Register of Deeds and Clerk of Courts) at Campbell County, SD (official website), and statewide vital records information via South Dakota Department of Health.

Privacy restrictions commonly apply to birth records, adoption files, certain court case types, and records containing confidential identifiers; access may require proof of eligibility and fees.

Types of records available

Marriage records (licenses and certificates)

• Marriage license/application: Created when a couple applies to marry in Campbell County and the license is issued by the county.
• Marriage certificate/return: The completed license is typically returned after the ceremony and becomes the county’s record of the marriage.

Divorce records (decrees/judgments)

• Divorce decree (Judgment and Decree of Divorce): The final court order dissolving the marriage, issued in a circuit court case.
• Divorce case file: May include pleadings and related filings (for example, summons/complaint, stipulations, findings of fact and conclusions of law, parenting plan orders, support orders), depending on the case.

Annulment records

• Judgment/decree of annulment: A court order declaring a marriage void or voidable under South Dakota law.
• Annulment case file: Related filings associated with the annulment proceeding.

Where records are filed and how they can be accessed

Campbell County marriage records

• Filed/maintained by: Campbell County Register of Deeds (marriage license records are a county-level recording function).
• Access: Typically available through in-person requests to the Register of Deeds and, in some jurisdictions, by mail request. Availability of remote/online indexes varies by county and vendor.
  • Campbell County Register of Deeds: https://campbell.sdcounties.org/register-of-deeds/

Campbell County divorce and annulment records

• Filed/maintained by: South Dakota Unified Judicial System (UJS), Circuit Court serving Campbell County (divorce and annulment are court actions).
• Access:
  • Court clerk access: Copies of decrees and case documents are requested from the Clerk of Court for the circuit court handling the case.
  • Online case information: South Dakota provides a public access portal for docket-level information in many cases, with document availability and visibility governed by court rules and confidentiality designations.
    • South Dakota UJS Public Access: https://publicaccess.courts.sd.gov/
    • South Dakota UJS (general): https://ujs.sd.gov/

State-level vital records copies (marriage and divorce verification)

• Maintained by: South Dakota Department of Health—Vital Records (statewide vital records system for marriage and divorce events).
• Access: Requests for certified vital-records copies and verifications are handled by the state Vital Records office under state eligibility rules.
  • South Dakota Vital Records: https://doh.sd.gov/records/

Typical information included in these records

Marriage license/certificate records

Common elements include:

• Full legal names of both parties (and, in many records, prior names/maiden name)
• Date and place of marriage
• Date the license was issued
• Officiant name and authority, and return/certification of solemnization
• Ages or dates of birth, residences, and other identification details as required on the application (contents vary by form version and time period)

Divorce decrees (Judgment and Decree of Divorce)

Common elements include:

• Names of the parties
• Court, county, and case number
• Date of decree and judge’s signature
• Legal dissolution terms (for example, property division, debt allocation, spousal support)
• Child-related orders when applicable (legal/physical custody, parenting time, child support, medical support)

Annulment judgments/decrees

Common elements include:

• Names of the parties
• Court, county, and case number
• Date of judgment and judge’s signature
• Court’s disposition declaring the marriage void/voidable and related orders (including child-related orders when applicable)

Privacy or legal restrictions

Marriage records

• Marriage records are generally treated as public records at the county recording level, subject to statutory limits on disclosure of specific personal identifiers and administrative policies. Certified copies issued by the state Vital Records office are governed by state eligibility and identity verification requirements.

Divorce and annulment court records

• Court case dockets are often publicly viewable, but access to documents can be restricted by South Dakota court rules and orders.
• Confidential information (including certain personal identifiers and protected party information) may be redacted, withheld, or filed under seal.
• Sealed records and confidential case types or filings are not available through public access systems and require authorization consistent with court rules and any sealing order.

Vital Records office restrictions

• State-issued certified copies and verifications of marriage and divorce events are subject to statutory eligibility rules, identification requirements, fees, and limitations on the information released to non-eligible requesters.

Campbell County is in north-central South Dakota along the North Dakota border, with county seat Mound City and the largest community Herreid. It is a very sparsely populated, predominantly rural county with a small labor market and housing stock dominated by single-family homes and farm/ranch properties. Most recent, consistently published county-level social and housing indicators are available from the U.S. Census Bureau’s American Community Survey (ACS) and federal labor statistics; several school-specific metrics are published by the South Dakota Department of Education.

Education Indicators

Public schools (count and names)

• Campbell County’s public K–12 education is primarily served through small district footprints centered on the county’s towns:
  • Herreid School District (Herreid)
  • Mound City School District (Mound City)
• A definitive, up-to-date roster of public schools and grade configurations is published through the state’s accountability and directory resources; see the South Dakota Department of Education data portal and district listings (for school names, enrollment, and accountability files): South Dakota Department of Education.
  Note: Campbell County has very low enrollment; campus naming and grade sharing/cooperative arrangements can change more frequently than in larger counties. State directory/accountability files are the most reliable source for current school names.

Student–teacher ratios and graduation rates

• Student–teacher ratios: School-level student–teacher ratios are reported in state profiles rather than as a single countywide value. In very small rural districts, ratios commonly fluctuate year to year with enrollment.
• Graduation rates: District high school graduation rates are tracked annually in state accountability reporting. For the most recent published rates by district/school, the definitive source is the South Dakota school report card/accountability reporting: South Dakota Report Cards.
  Proxy note: Countywide graduation rates are not consistently published as a standalone metric; district rates are the appropriate proxy for county residents attending public schools.

Adult educational attainment

• The most consistent countywide adult education indicators come from the ACS 5‑year estimates (table series for educational attainment). Campbell County typically shows:
  • High share with high school diploma or equivalent (reflecting rural Great Plains norms)
  • Lower share with bachelor’s degree or higher than state and U.S. averages
• County-specific percentages (high school graduate or higher; bachelor’s degree or higher) are available via ACS 5‑year county profiles: U.S. Census Bureau data.census.gov.
  Data note: Single-year ACS estimates are often suppressed or unreliable for very small populations; the 5‑year ACS is the standard “most recent” county dataset.

Notable programs (STEM, vocational training, AP)

• Rural South Dakota districts commonly provide:
  • Career & Technical Education (CTE) coursework aligned with state CTE pathways (often delivered through shared staff, distance learning, or regional arrangements)
  • Dual credit/college credit options through regional postsecondary partners (more common than a large AP catalog in very small high schools)
  • Limited AP offerings compared with larger districts; advanced coursework is frequently provided through dual enrollment or online platforms
• Program availability is district-specific and best verified through district course catalogs and state CTE/program reporting: South Dakota CTE.

School safety measures and counseling resources

• South Dakota districts generally implement standard safety elements such as controlled visitor access, school safety planning, and coordination with local law enforcement, with practices varying by building size and staffing.
• Student support services in small districts typically include school counseling (often shared across grades) and referral pathways through regional mental health providers. State-level school safety and student support information is maintained through the Department of Education: South Dakota Safe Schools.
  Proxy note: District-by-district staffing levels for counselors/social workers are not consistently summarized at the county level in a single public table; district profiles and staffing reports are the most reliable sources.

Employment and Economic Conditions

Unemployment rate (most recent available)

• The most current, consistently published county unemployment rates come from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics’ Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program. Campbell County’s unemployment rate is typically low in absolute terms but more volatile than metro areas due to its small labor force.
• The most recent annual and monthly county unemployment figures are available here: BLS Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS).
  Data note: For a single “most recent year,” LAUS annual averages are the standard reference.

Major industries and employment sectors

• Campbell County’s economy is characteristic of rural north-central South Dakota, with employment concentrated in:
  • Agriculture (crop and livestock) and related services
  • Public administration and education (local government, schools)
  • Health care and social assistance (often small clinics/long-term care ties within the region)
  • Retail trade and transportation serving local needs
• Sector shares for resident workers are available from the ACS industry tables on data.census.gov: ACS industry/occupation tables.

Common occupations and workforce breakdown

• Common occupational groups for residents typically include:
  • Management, business, and financial (small-business owners, farm operators, public administration)
  • Office and administrative support
  • Sales
  • Transportation and material moving
  • Production, installation/maintenance/repair
  • Farming, fishing, and forestry (a larger share than state and U.S. averages)
• County occupational distributions are available through ACS occupation tables (5‑year): ACS occupation tables.

Commuting patterns and mean commute time

• Commuting in Campbell County is typically defined by short in-town trips for local employment and longer cross-county or out-of-county commutes to regional job centers (including adjacent counties and nearby South Dakota/North Dakota communities).
• The mean travel time to work and commuting mode split (drive alone/carpool/work from home) are published in ACS commuting tables and the county profile: ACS commuting (travel time to work).
  Proxy note: In sparsely populated counties, “drive alone” is usually the dominant commuting mode; public transit use is typically negligible.

Local employment vs. out-of-county work

• A substantial share of residents in very small counties often work outside the county, reflecting limited local job density. The ACS provides “county of work” flow concepts indirectly through commuting characteristics; more detailed origin-destination commuting flows are available via Census products such as OnTheMap (LEHD): Census OnTheMap (LEHD).
  Data note: LEHD coverage and suppression can affect small-area precision; it remains the best public source for work-location flows.

Housing and Real Estate

Homeownership and renting

• Campbell County is typically characterized by a high homeownership rate and a small rental market, consistent with rural Great Plains housing patterns.
• The definitive county shares (owner-occupied vs. renter-occupied) are in the ACS housing tenure tables: ACS housing tenure.

Median property values and recent trends

• Median owner-occupied home value for Campbell County is published by the ACS (5‑year). In small rural counties, values are often below South Dakota and U.S. medians, and trends are influenced by:
  • Limited transaction volume (fewer sales can swing medians)
  • Condition/age of housing stock
  • Farmstead and rural parcel characteristics
• The most recent median value and time-series comparisons are available from ACS and, for market-sale trend context, statewide housing reports (where county detail may be limited): ACS home value tables.
  Proxy note: Sales-price trend datasets with robust county coverage are often thin in very small counties; ACS medians are the most consistent public benchmark.

Typical rent prices

• The ACS reports median gross rent (contract rent plus utilities where applicable). Campbell County’s median gross rent is typically lower than state and national medians, with limited availability and fewer multi-unit properties.
• County median gross rent is available here: ACS median gross rent.

Housing types

• The housing stock is dominated by:
  • Single-family detached homes in Herreid and Mound City
  • Farm/ranch housing and rural lots/acreages
  • A limited number of small multifamily buildings (duplexes/small apartment properties)
• Housing unit structure type shares (single-unit vs. multi-unit vs. mobile homes) are available via ACS “units in structure” tables: ACS units in structure.

Neighborhood characteristics (proximity to schools/amenities)

• Settlement patterns are centered on small town grids where schools, city offices, and basic services are generally within short driving distance. Outside town limits, residences are more dispersed, with access to amenities depending on highway connections and distances to larger trade centers in the region.
• Because Campbell County’s towns are small, “neighborhood” variation is more often driven by in-town vs. rural location than by distinct subdivisions.

Property tax overview

• South Dakota property taxes are levied locally (county, school, municipality) and vary by classification and levies. Campbell County homeowners generally face:
  • Effective tax rates that are commonly moderate by national standards, but the dollar tax bill depends strongly on assessed value and local levies.
• County-level property tax collections and typical tax bills are summarized in statewide and local finance reporting; a reliable starting point for methodology and statewide context is the South Dakota Department of Revenue property tax overview: SD Department of Revenue — Property Tax.
  Proxy note: A single “average homeowner cost” is not consistently published as an official county statistic in one place; assessed values, levy rates, and exemptions (e.g., owner-occupied) drive household-specific totals. ACS does publish median real estate taxes paid for owner-occupied housing units as a standardized proxy: ACS median real estate taxes paid.