Putnam County

Putnam County is located in western West Virginia along the Ohio River, between the Charleston metropolitan area to the east and the Huntington–Ashland region to the west. Established in 1848 and named for Revolutionary War general Israel Putnam, it forms part of the state’s Ohio River Valley corridor and has long been shaped by river transportation and nearby industrial and governmental centers. With a population of roughly 58,000, it is mid-sized by West Virginia standards and has experienced substantial suburban growth compared with many counties in the state. The county’s landscape includes rolling hills, river bluffs, and floodplain areas along the Ohio River, with a mix of residential communities, rural land, and commercial development concentrated near major highways such as Interstate 64. The economy centers on services, retail, light industry, and commuting to jobs in adjacent metro areas. The county seat is Winfield.

Putnam County is located in western West Virginia along the Kanawha River corridor, immediately west of the Charleston metro area and part of the state’s central Appalachian region. The county seat is Winfield, and local government resources are available via the Putnam County official website.

Population Size

According to the U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts profile for Putnam County, West Virginia, the county’s population was 55,486 (2020).

Age & Gender

According to the U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts profile for Putnam County (ACS 5-year estimates):

• Age distribution (selected indicators)
  • Under 18 years: 20.7%
  • 65 years and over: 19.8%
• Gender
  • Female persons: 50.6% (male persons: 49.4%)

Racial & Ethnic Composition

According to the U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts profile for Putnam County (ACS 5-year estimates), the county’s racial and ethnic composition includes:

• White alone: 94.6%
• Black or African American alone: 1.3%
• American Indian and Alaska Native alone: 0.2%
• Asian alone: 0.6%
• Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone: 0.0%
• Two or more races: 3.1%
• Hispanic or Latino (of any race): 0.9%

Household & Housing Data

According to the U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts profile for Putnam County (ACS 5-year estimates), key household and housing indicators include:

• Households: 20,820
• Average household size: 2.55
• Owner-occupied housing unit rate: 83.1%
• Median value of owner-occupied housing units: $191,200
• Median gross rent: $831
• Persons per household: 2.55

Putnam County, West Virginia lies in the Kanawha Valley with a mix of small towns and lower-density areas; this settlement pattern influences last‑mile internet buildout and makes digital communication more dependent on local broadband availability than in dense urban counties. Direct county-level email usage statistics are not routinely published, so email adoption is summarized using proxy indicators (internet/broadband access, device availability, and age structure).

Digital access indicators from the U.S. Census Bureau (data.census.gov) show household broadband subscription and computer ownership levels that serve as practical prerequisites for routine email use (ACS subject tables on computer and internet use). Age distribution from U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts for Putnam County indicates the balance of working-age adults versus older residents, a key driver of overall digital service uptake, including email. Gender distribution is available in the same QuickFacts profile but is generally less predictive of email adoption than age and connectivity.

Connectivity constraints commonly cited for rural Appalachia—terrain, dispersed housing, and provider coverage gaps—are tracked through FCC National Broadband Map availability data, which contextualize limits on reliable email access.

Putnam County is located in western West Virginia along the Kanawha River corridor, between the Charleston metropolitan area (Kanawha County) and the Huntington region (Cabell/Wayne area). The county includes suburban communities (notably around Hurricane, Teays Valley, and Winfield) and more rural, hilly terrain away from the Interstate 64 corridor. This mix of river valley development and upland topography is a key driver of mobile connectivity outcomes: coverage tends to be stronger near population centers and major highways, while terrain and lower density can reduce signal quality and limit the consistency of high-speed mobile broadband in more remote areas.

Key distinction: network availability vs. household adoption

• Network availability refers to whether mobile carriers report coverage (voice/LTE/5G) in a given area. Availability can vary block-by-block due to terrain, tower placement, and spectrum.
• Household adoption refers to whether residents subscribe to mobile service and use smartphones and mobile broadband. Adoption is influenced by income, age, device affordability, and the availability/cost of fixed broadband alternatives.

County-specific adoption metrics are limited; most official adoption statistics are published at the state, multi-county region, ZIP code, or census-tract level rather than at the county level.

Mobile penetration and access indicators (availability and adoption)

Network availability indicators

• The primary public source for reported mobile broadband coverage is the FCC’s mobile availability data and maps. County-level summaries generally require map-based inspection or GIS analysis rather than a single county table. The FCC’s coverage layers and map viewer are accessible via the FCC National Broadband Map.
• West Virginia also publishes broadband planning and mapping resources that complement FCC data and may provide local context on unserved/underserved areas (often focused on fixed broadband but sometimes including mobile). See the West Virginia Office of Broadband.

Limitations:

• FCC coverage is largely based on provider filings and modeled propagation, and it can overstate real-world performance in complex terrain. It is most useful for identifying reported availability, not guaranteed in-building performance.

Adoption indicators (household/device access proxies)

• The most comparable official adoption indicators come from the U.S. Census Bureau’s American Community Survey (ACS), which tracks computer and internet subscription characteristics (including cellular data plans) at geographies that may not always be published at the county level in every table view. County and tract products are accessible through data from the U.S. Census Bureau.
• ACS internet subscription categories include measures such as households with cellular data plans (often reported as “cellular data plan” and/or “broadband such as cable, fiber optic, or DSL,” depending on table). These estimates reflect household adoption rather than coverage.

Limitations:

• ACS estimates are survey-based and subject to margins of error, especially in smaller geographies and for more detailed categories.

Mobile internet usage patterns (4G/LTE and 5G availability)

4G/LTE

• In West Virginia counties with a mix of suburban development and rugged terrain, LTE is typically the baseline technology for mobile broadband outside the highest-demand cores. In Putnam County, reported LTE availability is generally strongest along the I-64 corridor and within/near incorporated areas, with greater variability in upland or wooded areas.
• The authoritative public reference for reported LTE coverage by provider remains the FCC National Broadband Map, which allows viewing provider-specific mobile broadband availability.

5G

• 5G availability tends to appear first in higher-traffic corridors and population centers, then expands outward. Putnam County’s proximity to Charleston’s metro area and I-64 increases the likelihood of reported 5G coverage in the county’s more developed areas relative to more remote WV counties, though coverage type (low-band vs mid-band) and in-building performance can differ substantially.
• Publicly verifiable, location-specific 5G availability is best assessed using the FCC National Broadband Map (provider layers) rather than generalized statewide statements.

Limitations:

• Public datasets typically do not provide a countywide “percentage on 5G” adoption rate. Availability does not indicate that residents use 5G-capable devices or plans.

Common device types (smartphones vs. other devices)

• County-level device-type breakdowns (smartphone vs. basic phone vs. hotspot-only) are not typically published as official statistics. The most reliable public indicators are household computer/device and subscription measures from the ACS, available via data.census.gov, which can show:
  • Households with smartphones (when available in specific ACS tables/years)
  • Households relying on cellular data plans for internet access
  • Households with no internet subscription
• In practice, mobile internet use in the U.S. is predominantly smartphone-based, with additional use via tablets and dedicated hotspots, but a precise Putnam County device mix is not available in a single official county statistic.

Limitations:

• Commercial market research provides device-type estimates but is not generally published as an official county-level reference. Official public sources emphasize subscription and household access rather than detailed device inventories.

Demographic and geographic factors influencing mobile usage in Putnam County

Geography, terrain, and settlement pattern (connectivity constraints)

• Topography: Putnam County’s hills and forested areas can create shadowing and signal attenuation, affecting both voice reliability and mobile broadband consistency, particularly away from valley floors and major roads.
• Development corridors: The I-64 corridor and the Kanawha River valley concentrate population, commerce, and infrastructure. These areas commonly experience denser tower placement and stronger reported coverage than sparsely populated ridges and hollows.
• Population density gradient: Suburban neighborhoods in Teays Valley/Hurricane/Winfield typically support more robust network investment than low-density rural areas.

Socioeconomic factors (adoption constraints)

• Income and affordability: Mobile plans, device replacement cycles, and data costs influence adoption and the ability to use higher-tier services (including 5G-capable devices). County-level income and poverty measures are available through U.S. Census Bureau tables.
• Age distribution: Older populations tend to have lower smartphone adoption and lower usage intensity on average. Age structure is available via Census Bureau demographic profiles.
• Commuting and daily mobility: Putnam County’s role as a commuter/suburban county in the Charleston region can increase demand for reliable mobile service along highways and employment corridors, affecting where carriers prioritize upgrades.

Data limitations and how Putnam County can be measured with public sources

• Availability (coverage) is best measured with the FCC National Broadband Map using mobile layers by provider and technology generation, recognizing that reported coverage is not a performance guarantee.
• Adoption is best measured using ACS internet subscription and device-access tables from data.census.gov. These figures represent household adoption and can be compared with state averages for context using the same tables.
• State context and planning documents are available through the West Virginia Office of Broadband, which may reference regional connectivity challenges relevant to Putnam County even when mobile-specific county metrics are limited.

Overall, Putnam County’s mobile connectivity outcomes are shaped by a suburban-to-rural gradient, strong transportation corridors, and Appalachian terrain effects. Public sources allow relatively direct assessment of reported network availability, while actual adoption and device mix are best approximated through Census household subscription and device-access measures, with limited precision at the county level for detailed mobile-only behaviors.

Putnam County is part of West Virginia’s Kanawha Valley region, situated between the Charleston metro area and the Huntington corridor. With population concentrated around towns such as Hurricane, Winfield, and Poca, the county’s commuter ties, school-centered community life, and mix of professional services/retail employment tend to align its media habits more closely with broader U.S. patterns than with extremely rural areas of the state.

User statistics (penetration / share of residents using social media)

• No reliable, county-specific “social media penetration” survey series is published for Putnam County. Publicly available usage benchmarks are typically reported at the U.S. level (and sometimes statewide), not by county.
• U.S. benchmark: About 69% of U.S. adults use social media (Pew Research Center). Source: Pew Research Center: Social Media Fact Sheet.
• U.S. benchmark (daily use): A majority of adult social media users report daily use, and a substantial share report near-constant use (especially among younger adults). Source: Pew Research Center: Americans’ Social Media Use (2024).
• Local interpretation: Putnam County’s suburban/commuter profile and smartphone availability suggest usage rates that typically track national benchmarks more closely than sparsely populated counties; however, this is an inference rather than a measured county statistic.

Age group trends (who uses social media most)

National age patterns are the most reliable proxy for Putnam County due to the lack of county-level polling:

• 18–29: Highest overall use across most major platforms and the highest “near-constant” usage rates.
• 30–49: High use, often oriented toward Facebook, Instagram, and YouTube; increasing TikTok adoption relative to older groups.
• 50–64: Moderate-to-high use, strongest on Facebook and YouTube.
• 65+: Lower overall use, concentrated on Facebook and YouTube. Source: Pew Research Center: Social Media Fact Sheet and Pew Research Center (2024) social media use.

Gender breakdown

County-level gender splits are not published in standard public datasets; national survey findings provide the most defensible breakdown:

• Women tend to report higher usage on Facebook, Instagram, and Pinterest.
• Men tend to report higher usage on platforms such as Reddit (and, in some surveys, higher use of certain discussion/video or creator-centric spaces). Source: Pew Research Center: platform-by-platform demographic trends.

Most-used platforms (with percentages where available)

Putnam County platform shares are not available from reputable public county surveys; the following are widely cited U.S. adult usage benchmarks:

• YouTube: 83%
• Facebook: 68%
• Instagram: 47%
• Pinterest: 35%
• TikTok: 33%
• LinkedIn: 30%
• WhatsApp: 29%
• Snapchat: 27%
• X (Twitter): 22%
• Reddit: 22% Source: Pew Research Center: Social Media Fact Sheet.

Behavioral trends (engagement patterns / preferences)

• High-frequency use is common among younger adults: Nationally, younger cohorts are most likely to report being online “almost constantly,” which typically translates into higher short-form video engagement (TikTok/Instagram) and faster content turnover. Source: Pew Research Center (2024).
• Platform “role specialization”: U.S. usage patterns show YouTube functioning as a universal video/search entertainment layer, Facebook as a community and events hub (especially for older adults), and Instagram/TikTok as the primary short-form video and creator discovery channels for younger adults. Source: Pew platform fact sheet.
• Local-community orientation (typical for suburban counties): In counties with multiple small towns and school-centered networks, engagement commonly concentrates around local groups, school/sports updates, churches/civic organizations, buy/sell listings, and event promotion, patterns most associated with Facebook’s group and event features (described broadly in national/local media research rather than published as Putnam-only metrics). Source benchmark for general platform use: Pew Research Center.

Putnam County, West Virginia family-related public records primarily include vital records (birth, death, marriage, and divorce). These are created and maintained at the state level by the West Virginia Department of Health and Human Resources, Vital Registration Office, with certified copies issued through WV Vital Registration and online ordering available via VitalChek (West Virginia). Putnam County marriage records are commonly accessed through the Putnam County Clerk (WV), which records marriage licenses and other county filings.

Adoption records are generally restricted under West Virginia confidentiality rules and are not treated as open public records; access typically involves proof of eligibility and identity through state processes rather than county public search tools.

Associate-related public records (property ownership, deeds, liens, and some court filings) are recorded locally and may help identify family or associate connections. Land records are maintained by the County Clerk and are commonly searchable through the clerk’s office and associated public access systems. Court case information may be available through the West Virginia Judiciary, including circuit and magistrate court resources.

In-person access is typically available at the Putnam County Clerk’s office for recorded instruments and locally held indexes. Privacy restrictions commonly apply to certified vital records, adoption files, and records involving minors, protected addresses, or sealed court matters.

Types of records available

• Marriage records (licenses and returns/certificates): Putnam County issues marriage licenses through the county clerk. After the ceremony, the officiant’s completed return is recorded, creating the county’s recorded marriage record (often referred to as a marriage certificate/return in practice).
• Divorce records (final orders/decrees and case files): Divorces are handled as civil cases in the circuit court. The final divorce order/decree and related filings become part of the circuit court record.
• Annulments: Annulments are court actions. Orders granting or denying an annulment are maintained in the circuit court case record.

Where records are filed and how they can be accessed

• Marriage records
  • Filing/recording office: Putnam County Clerk (marriage license issuance and recording of completed licenses/returns).
  • Access: Certified and non-certified copies are typically available through the county clerk’s office by in-person request and, where provided by the office, by mail or other request methods. Older marriage records may also be available through statewide vital records holdings maintained by West Virginia.
• Divorce and annulment records
  • Filing office: Putnam County Circuit Clerk / Circuit Court (case filings, orders, and decrees).
  • Access: Copies of final orders and case documents are obtained from the circuit clerk. Access to the full case file may be limited by sealing orders, redaction rules, and court access policies. West Virginia’s judiciary provides online access to many docket entries and some case information through its unified case search portal: https://www.courtswv.gov (navigate to the case search/docket access system).

Typical information included in these records

• Marriage license/record
  • Full legal names of the parties
  • Date and place of marriage (county and venue/municipality may appear)
  • Ages or dates of birth (varies by form and time period)
  • Residences and places of birth (commonly recorded)
  • Parents’ names (often recorded, especially on modern applications)
  • Officiant’s name/title and signature; date the ceremony was performed
  • License issuance date, license number, and recording information
• Divorce decree/final order
  • Names of the parties and case number
  • Date of filing and date of final order
  • Findings and orders dissolving the marriage
  • Provisions on allocation of parental responsibility and parenting time (where applicable)
  • Child support and spousal support terms (where applicable)
  • Distribution of marital property and allocation of debts (where applicable)
  • Restoration of a former name (where requested and granted)
• Annulment order
  • Names of the parties and case number
  • Legal basis for annulment and court findings
  • Order declaring the marriage void or voidable and the disposition of related issues (property/children), where addressed

Privacy or legal restrictions

• Marriage records: Marriage licenses and recorded returns are generally treated as public records at the county level. Access may be subject to identification requirements for certified copies, copying fees, and records-management rules. Some data elements (for example, Social Security numbers) are not released and are typically excluded or redacted from copies.
• Divorce and annulment court records: Court records are generally public, but access can be restricted by:
  • Sealing orders entered by the court (entire case or specific documents)
  • Confidential information protections and required redactions (commonly including Social Security numbers, minor children’s identifying information in certain contexts, financial account numbers, and other protected data)
  • Confidential exhibits (for example, certain medical, mental health, or abuse-related filings) that may be restricted by statute or court order
• Certified vs. informational copies: Certified copies are issued by the custodian office (county clerk for marriages; circuit clerk for court orders) and are used for legal purposes. Informational/non-certified copies may be available where permitted by office policy and record type.

Putnam County is in west‑central West Virginia along the Kanawha River corridor between Charleston (Kanawha County) and Huntington (Cabell County), and it is part of the Charleston metropolitan area. It is primarily suburban-to-rural in development pattern, with population concentrated around Teays Valley, Hurricane, Scott Depot, and Winfield. The county has grown faster than many parts of West Virginia in recent decades and is generally characterized by relatively higher household incomes and educational attainment compared with statewide averages. (For baseline population and community profile tables, see the U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts page for Putnam County.)

Education Indicators

Public schools (counts and names)

Public K–12 education is provided by Putnam County Schools. The district operates multiple elementary, middle, and high schools (district totals vary slightly by year as facilities change). A current directory of school names and grade configurations is maintained on the Putnam County Schools website (see Schools/Directory listings).
Note: A single authoritative, year-stable “number of public schools” figure is not consistently published in one place; the district directory is the most reliable source for an up-to-date count and official school names.

Student–teacher ratios and graduation rates

• Student–teacher ratios: Reported ratios differ by source (district reporting vs. federal CCD vs. third‑party compilations) and by whether specialized programs are included. For the most recent districtwide staffing/enrollment context, the most consistent public reference points are the district report cards and state datasets published by the West Virginia Department of Education. The statewide report-card portal is the best proxy for Putnam County ratios when a single consolidated figure is needed: West Virginia Department of Education (access county/district report cards and accountability data).
• Graduation rates: Putnam County’s four‑year cohort graduation rate is reported annually through West Virginia’s accountability/report-card releases. County-specific graduation-rate values are published through WVDE reporting (same portal above).
  Note: Because graduation rates and student–teacher ratios are updated annually and presented in WVDE dashboards, the WVDE report-card output is the most recent “official” source.

Adult educational attainment (ages 25+)

Using the most recent American Community Survey summaries commonly reflected in federal county profiles:

• High school diploma (or higher): Putnam County is above the West Virginia average, typically in the upper‑80% to low‑90% range in recent ACS 5‑year profiles.
• Bachelor’s degree or higher: Putnam County is also above the state average, typically in the mid‑20% to low‑30% range in recent ACS 5‑year profiles.
  For the latest published percentages, use the county’s ACS-derived indicators on QuickFacts (Education section) and the detailed ACS tables available via data.census.gov.

Notable programs (STEM, career/technical, AP)

• Career and technical education (CTE): Putnam County participates in West Virginia’s CTE system; county-level offerings and program locations are typically described by the district and WVDE CTE materials. Program areas often include skilled trades, health sciences, and business/IT pathways consistent with regional workforce needs (manufacturing/logistics, healthcare, and services).
• Advanced Placement / dual credit: AP and college-credit opportunities are generally available at the high-school level in the county (course availability varies by school and year). The most specific listings are maintained in school course catalogs and WVDE course/program reporting.
• STEM: STEM coursework and extracurriculars are commonly present (e.g., science and technology electives, clubs/competitions), with details varying by school.

School safety measures and counseling resources

• Safety: Like other West Virginia districts, Putnam County Schools follows state safety requirements and typically uses layered measures such as controlled building access, visitor management, drills, and coordination with local law enforcement.
• Student support: School counseling services are standard at elementary through high-school levels, with additional supports often including psychologists, social workers, and partnerships for behavioral health services, depending on school staffing and student needs.
  The most reliable public descriptions are in district policy handbooks and WVDE guidance documentation (district and WVDE links above).
  Note: Publicly itemized, countywide counts of counselors/mental-health staff are not consistently published in one consolidated, annually updated table; staffing levels are usually reflected in personnel reports, budget documents, or school-level profiles.

Employment and Economic Conditions

Unemployment rate (most recent year available)

Annual unemployment rates are tracked by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (LAUS). Putnam County’s unemployment is typically lower than the West Virginia statewide rate and comparable to other suburban counties in the Charleston metro. The most recent annual and monthly figures are available via the BLS and related state labor-market releases: BLS Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS).
Note: A single “most recent year” county value changes as new annual averages are finalized; LAUS is the authoritative source for the latest figure.

Major industries and employment sectors

Putnam County functions as a residential and service hub within the Charleston region. Major employment sectors for residents commonly include:

• Educational services and healthcare/social assistance (large share across West Virginia counties, including suburban areas)
• Retail trade and accommodation/food services
• Manufacturing and transportation/logistics (regional corridor access and proximity to interstate routes)
• Public administration (metro-area government employment and state-related employment in the region) Sector shares for residents and “jobs located in the county” can differ; resident-industry composition is reported in ACS profiles and commuting/flow datasets.

Common occupations and workforce breakdown

Occupational groups commonly represent:

• Management, business, science, and arts
• Sales and office
• Service occupations
• Production, transportation, and material moving
• Construction and extraction For the most recent occupational distributions for Putnam County residents, use ACS profile tables on data.census.gov (Occupation by sex/age tables and summary profiles).

Commuting patterns and mean commute time

Putnam County is part of a multi-county commuting shed centered on Charleston and, to a lesser extent, Huntington. Typical patterns include:

• Outbound commuting to Kanawha County (Charleston area employment centers) and other nearby counties along the I‑64 corridor
• Predominantly private vehicle commuting, consistent with suburban/rural settlement patterns
  Mean travel time to work is reported in ACS commuting indicators (commute time and means of transportation) for the most recent period on QuickFacts and detailed tables at data.census.gov. In comparable counties in the Charleston metro, mean commute times are commonly in the mid‑20 minutes range (proxy range; verify the current Putnam-specific mean in the ACS table for the latest release).

Local employment vs. out‑of‑county work

Putnam County has a substantial share of residents who work outside the county, reflecting its role as a commuter county within the Charleston metro. County-to-county worker flow estimates are available through the Census Bureau’s LEHD/OnTheMap tools, which provide resident vs. workplace geography summaries and inflow/outflow patterns.

Housing and Real Estate

Homeownership rate and rental share

Putnam County’s housing tenure is predominantly owner-occupied, with ownership typically around three-quarters of occupied units (proxy range consistent with recent ACS summaries for the county and similar suburban counties). The latest owner-occupied vs. renter-occupied percentages are published in ACS housing indicators on QuickFacts and at data.census.gov.

Median property values and recent trends

• Median owner-occupied home value: Putnam County is generally above the West Virginia median in recent ACS profiles, reflecting stronger demand in the Charleston suburban market.
• Trends: Recent years have shown rising values consistent with broader U.S. housing inflation since 2020, with local variation by school zones, proximity to I‑64, and access to retail/services in the Teays Valley–Hurricane area.
  The most comparable “official” median value is the ACS median value of owner-occupied housing units (QuickFacts and ACS tables). For market-trend context (non-ACS), private listing aggregators vary; ACS remains the consistent benchmark for county-to-county comparison.

Typical rent prices

• Median gross rent: Reported in ACS and typically below national medians but often above many rural West Virginia counties, reflecting suburban demand and limited large-apartment inventory compared with major metros.
  Use ACS median gross rent in data.census.gov or the QuickFacts Housing section for the latest county median.

Types of housing stock

Putnam County’s housing stock is dominated by:

• Single-family detached homes in subdivisions and semi-rural settings
• Manufactured homes in some rural/outer areas
• Smaller shares of apartments and multi-unit buildings, concentrated near town centers and along major corridors
  This pattern aligns with suburban development, available land, and commuting access to Charleston-area employment.

Neighborhood characteristics (proximity to schools/amenities)

• Teays Valley/Scott Depot and Hurricane areas: More suburban subdivision development, closer proximity to retail centers, medical offices, and clustered schools.
• Winfield and smaller communities: Mix of town-adjacent neighborhoods and rural lots, with access shaped by proximity to I‑64 interchanges and river crossings.
• Rural portions: Larger lots, greater travel distances to schools and services, and higher reliance on personal vehicles.

Property tax overview (rate and typical cost)

West Virginia property taxes are administered locally with assessment rules set in state law; effective tax burdens are often described as low relative to national averages. Putnam County homeowners typically pay property taxes based on assessed value and levy rates set by local taxing authorities (schools, county, municipal where applicable).
For the most authoritative and current levy-rate and billing information, use the county assessor/sheriff tax offices and state guidance; a starting point for county government references is the Putnam County government website.
Note: A single “average effective property tax rate” can vary by municipality, levy district, and assessed value; county offices provide the definitive parcel-level calculation, while state-level summaries provide broader comparisons.