Gilmer County

Gilmer County is located in north-central West Virginia, within the Appalachian Plateau region. Established in 1845 and named for Virginia statesman Thomas Walker Gilmer, it developed historically around small farming communities and later benefited from timbering and extractive industries common to the central Appalachians. The county is small in population, with roughly 7,000 residents in recent U.S. Census estimates, and it remains predominantly rural with low-density settlement. Its landscape is characterized by forested ridges, narrow valleys, and waterways associated with the Little Kanawha River basin, supporting outdoor-based land uses alongside agriculture. The local economy centers on public services, education, small businesses, and resource-related employment, reflecting patterns typical of the region. Cultural life is shaped by Appalachian traditions, including community events and locally rooted institutions. The county seat and primary population center is Glenville, home to Glenville State University.

Gilmer County is a rural county in central West Virginia, located in the Appalachian region and part of the state’s Mid-Ohio Valley area. The county seat is Glenville; for local government information and planning resources, visit the Gilmer County official website.

Population Size

According to the U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts (Gilmer County, West Virginia), Gilmer County had:

• Total population (2020 Census): 7,869
• Population estimate (most recent QuickFacts update): available on QuickFacts (exact value varies by the latest annual release shown on the page)

Age & Gender

According to U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts (from the American Community Survey 5-year estimates shown on that page), Gilmer County’s profile includes:

• Age distribution: shares by major age groups (e.g., under 18; 18–64; 65+) are reported on QuickFacts
• Median age: reported on QuickFacts
• Gender ratio: male and female percentages are reported on QuickFacts

Racial & Ethnic Composition

According to U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts, Gilmer County’s population is reported by:

• Race: categories such as White, Black or African American, American Indian and Alaska Native, Asian, Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, Two or More Races
• Ethnicity: Hispanic or Latino (of any race) is reported as a separate measure

Household and Housing Data

According to U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts, Gilmer County household and housing indicators include:

• Number of households
• Average household size
• Owner-occupied housing rate
• Median value of owner-occupied housing units
• Median gross rent
• Housing unit counts and related housing characteristics (as listed on QuickFacts)

Source Notes

• The primary county-level demographic figures above are published by the U.S. Census Bureau and compiled on the county’s QuickFacts page, which draws on the Decennial Census (e.g., 2020 population) and the American Community Survey (ACS) 5-year estimates (for many age, sex, race/ethnicity, household, and housing measures).

Gilmer County is a sparsely populated, mountainous part of central West Virginia, where rugged terrain and long distances between households tend to increase the cost and complexity of last‑mile internet infrastructure, shaping how reliably residents can use email and other online services. Direct county-level email usage statistics are generally not published; broadband and device access serve as proxies for likely email adoption.

Digital access indicators for the county are available from the U.S. Census Bureau (data.census.gov), including household broadband subscriptions and computer access measures commonly used to assess readiness for routine online tasks such as email. Age structure also matters because older populations are less likely to adopt and regularly use digital communication; Gilmer County’s age distribution can be referenced through American Community Survey profiles. Gender distribution is available in the same sources and is typically less predictive of basic email use than age and connectivity factors.

Connectivity constraints in rural West Virginia, including coverage gaps and capacity limits, are documented through statewide and federal mapping resources such as the FCC National Broadband Map.

County context and connectivity-relevant characteristics

Gilmer County is a rural county in central West Virginia with small towns and extensive forested, hilly terrain typical of the Appalachian Plateau. The combination of low population density, dispersed housing, and rugged topography tends to constrain cellular coverage and capacity compared with more urban parts of the state, particularly away from major road corridors and ridge-top tower sites. Baseline population and housing context is available from the U.S. Census Bureau via Census.gov QuickFacts (Gilmer County, WV).

Data limitations and how “availability” differs from “adoption”

• Network availability refers to where mobile broadband service is reported as present (coverage) and what technologies are deployed (4G LTE, 5G variants). This is generally modeled or provider-reported and may overstate indoor or terrain-obstructed reception.
• Household adoption refers to whether residents subscribe to mobile and/or home internet services and what devices they use. County-specific adoption statistics for “smartphone ownership” and “mobile-only internet households” are often not published at the county level; the most reliable county-scale adoption indicators commonly come from American Community Survey (ACS) tables on internet subscriptions and device types, and from state broadband assessments.

Mobile penetration and access indicators (where available)

1) Household internet subscription and “cellular data plan” indicators (ACS)
The ACS includes county-level measures related to internet access, including whether a household has:

• Any internet subscription
• A cellular data plan (often reported as a subscription type)
• Broadband such as cable/fiber/DSL/satellite, depending on table and year

These metrics are the closest widely available proxies for mobile internet access at the household level, but they do not equal “mobile phone penetration” because they measure household subscriptions rather than individual device ownership. County-level ACS estimates can be accessed through data.census.gov (search for Gilmer County, WV and ACS internet subscription/device tables).

2) State and federal broadband reporting (contextual access indicators)
West Virginia’s broadband programs and datasets often summarize broadband availability, adoption challenges, and coverage gaps across counties, including rural counties such as Gilmer. Reference materials and mapping links are typically maintained by the West Virginia Office of Broadband. These sources are useful for contextualizing mobile reliance in areas where fixed broadband options are limited, but they are not direct measures of mobile-phone ownership.

Mobile internet usage patterns and network technology availability (4G/5G)

Reported mobile broadband coverage (availability)

FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC) is the primary federal source for provider-reported mobile broadband availability at granular geographic resolution (hexagon-based reporting). It can be used to identify where providers report:

• 4G LTE availability
• 5G availability (often split into different 5G service categories in provider filings and FCC reporting)

Coverage varies within rural counties due to terrain shadowing and tower siting. County-wide summaries can mask localized gaps in hollows/valleys and on minor roads. FCC availability data and maps are accessible via the FCC National Broadband Map.

4G LTE vs. 5G patterns (what can be stated without speculation)

• 4G LTE is generally the baseline mobile broadband technology reported across most rural areas because it has broader propagation and a longer deployment history.
• 5G availability in rural Appalachia is often more geographically limited than LTE, with the extent varying by carrier and location. FCC BDC-based maps provide the appropriate method to verify whether 5G is reported in specific parts of Gilmer County.
• Reported “availability” does not guarantee consistent in-building performance, and mountainous terrain can create significant variation over short distances.

Common device types (smartphones vs. other devices)

County-level device-type data availability

Direct county-level statistics on smartphone ownership (as a share of individuals) are not typically published in standard federal county tables. However, the ACS does include household indicators related to computing devices and subscription types, such as:

• Smartphone-only households (in some ACS device tables)
• Households with a computer (desktop/laptop/tablet)
• Households with an internet subscription type including cellular data plans

These device/subscription tables, when available for Gilmer County with publishable margins of error, support statements about household device composition rather than individual device ownership. The authoritative access point for these county estimates is data.census.gov.

General device mix considerations (grounded in measurement constraints)

• Smartphones are typically the primary endpoint for cellular networks and the most common consumer mobile device category measured in surveys; county-specific smartphone ownership rates require survey products not consistently released at the county level.
• Fixed wireless routers/hotspots and phone tethering can be implied by reliance on cellular data plans in household subscription data, but ACS does not always distinguish hotspots from smartphone-based plans in a way that supports precise county quantification.
• Non-smartphone mobile phones are not separately enumerated in most county-level public datasets; usage is better inferred through broader adoption patterns rather than directly measured at the county scale.

Demographic and geographic factors influencing mobile usage and connectivity

Terrain and settlement patterns (availability constraints)

• Hilly/forested topography can block or attenuate signals, producing “pocket” coverage patterns and inconsistent indoor reception even where outdoor coverage is reported.
• Low density and dispersed housing reduce the economic incentive for dense tower grids, which can affect both coverage redundancy and capacity.

Socioeconomic and housing factors (adoption constraints)

• Household income, age distribution, and housing dispersion influence subscription decisions and device availability, but the most defensible county-level quantification comes from ACS socioeconomic tables and internet subscription/device tables rather than carrier data. The U.S. Census Bureau’s county profile entry point is Census.gov QuickFacts, with deeper cross-tabs available through data.census.gov.
• In rural counties, households may rely more on cellular data plans where fixed broadband infrastructure is limited, but county-specific reliance rates should be taken from ACS tables (subscription types) rather than inferred.

Summary: what is measurable for Gilmer County today

• Network availability (4G/5G): Best measured using provider-reported FCC BDC coverage via the FCC National Broadband Map, which distinguishes mobile broadband availability by area and provider.
• Household adoption and device/subscription indicators: Best measured using county-level ACS estimates via data.census.gov, particularly tables covering internet subscriptions (including cellular data plans) and household computing devices.
• County-level smartphone penetration (individual ownership): Not consistently available as an official county statistic; public sources more commonly provide household subscription/device proxies rather than person-level smartphone ownership rates.

Gilmer County is a small, rural county in central West Virginia anchored by Glenville (home to Glenville State University) and characterized by Appalachian geography, lower population density, and an economy tied to education, local services, and regional commuting. These factors typically correspond with heavier reliance on mobile connectivity, community-oriented Facebook use, and lower adoption of some newer platforms compared with large metro areas, consistent with national rural–urban digital patterns documented by the Pew Research Center Internet & Technology research.

User statistics (penetration / active use)

• County-specific social media penetration: No widely cited public dataset reports verified, platform-level “active social media user” penetration specifically for Gilmer County, WV (county granularity is uncommon in reputable national surveys).
• State context (benchmark): West Virginia’s rural composition aligns with national findings that rural adults are less likely than urban adults to use several major platforms, while Facebook remains broadly used across geographies per Pew Research Center’s Social Media Use in 2023.
• National benchmark: About 7 in 10 U.S. adults report ever using at least one social media site (Pew Research Center). This serves as the most comparable baseline for interpreting likely usage in small U.S. counties where direct measures are unavailable.

Age group trends

National survey patterns provide the most reliable directional profile for Gilmer County:

• Highest usage: Adults 18–29 consistently report the highest use across most platforms (notably Instagram, Snapchat, TikTok) (Pew Research Center).
• Broad, cross-age platform: Facebook shows comparatively strong representation among 30–49, 50–64, and 65+ relative to other platforms, making it the most age-inclusive option in many rural communities (Pew Research Center).
• Older adults: Adults 65+ use fewer platforms overall, with usage concentrated on Facebook and (to a lesser extent) YouTube (Pew Research Center).

Gender breakdown

County-level gender splits are not reported in standard public sources; national patterns indicate:

• Women are more likely than men to use Facebook, Instagram, Pinterest.
• Men are more likely than women to use Reddit and some other discussion-oriented platforms. These differences are reported in the demographic cross-tabs summarized by Pew Research Center’s Social Media Use in 2023.

Most-used platforms (percentages where available)

The following are U.S. adult usage shares (benchmarks commonly applied when county data is unavailable), from Pew Research Center:

• YouTube: 83%
• Facebook: 68%
• Instagram: 47%
• Pinterest: 35%
• TikTok: 33%
• LinkedIn: 30%
• WhatsApp: 29%
• Snapchat: 27%
• X (formerly Twitter): 22%
• Reddit: 22%

In rural Appalachian counties, Facebook and YouTube typically constitute the most consistent high-reach platforms due to cross-age adoption and utility for local news, groups, and video content, aligning with Pew’s rural–urban and age-based findings (Pew Research Center).

Behavioral trends (engagement patterns / platform preferences)

• Community and local-information use: Rural counties commonly exhibit higher reliance on Facebook Groups, local pages, and regional buy/sell/community boards for event information, school updates, and peer recommendations; this matches Facebook’s broad age penetration and its role as a local-information hub in many communities.
• Video-led consumption: YouTube’s very high reach supports passive consumption patterns (news clips, music, how-to content). This pattern tends to be strong where broadband constraints make single-platform video consumption more common than maintaining multiple social profiles.
• Age-driven platform split: Younger adults concentrate attention on TikTok/Instagram/Snapchat, while older adults concentrate on Facebook/YouTube, consistent with the age gradients documented by Pew Research Center.
• Engagement style: Smaller communities often show higher visibility of interpersonal engagement (comments and shares among known contacts) on Facebook compared with interest-graph platforms; this aligns with offline social networks carrying into online interaction patterns.

Sources: Primary benchmarks drawn from Pew Research Center, “Social Media Use in 2023” and broader findings from the Pew Research Center Internet & Technology research program.

Gilmer County, West Virginia maintains family and associate-related public records primarily through statewide systems and county offices. Birth and death records (vital records) are recorded by the State of West Virginia and are issued through the West Virginia Department of Health and Human Resources, Vital Registration Office. County-level records commonly accessed for family and associate research include marriage licenses and probate/estate matters held by the Gilmer County Clerk, and land records (deeds, liens) maintained by the County Clerk (recording office). Court case information and some filings are available through the West Virginia CourtPLUS system for courts that participate.

Public databases vary by record type. West Virginia provides statewide vital-record ordering and general guidance online through DHHR; county clerks may provide local indexing and document request procedures on county pages. In-person access is typically available at the County Clerk’s office during business hours for recorded documents and many older archival materials.

Privacy restrictions apply to sensitive records. Adoption records are generally sealed and handled through the courts and state authorities. Recent vital records are subject to state eligibility rules and identity verification, while recorded land documents and many court docket entries are generally public, subject to redaction of protected personal information.

Types of records available

Marriage records

• Marriage licenses and marriage applications: Issued by the Gilmer County Clerk. These are the primary county-level marriage records.
• Marriage returns/certificates: The officiant’s return is recorded by the County Clerk after the ceremony and becomes part of the county marriage record.
• Marriage record copies: Certified and non-certified copies are typically available through the County Clerk. Statewide certified copies are also maintained by the West Virginia vital records office (see “Where records are filed and how they can be accessed”).

Divorce records

• Divorce case files and final divorce orders/decrees: Maintained as court records by the Gilmer County Circuit Clerk (Circuit Court) for divorces adjudicated in Gilmer County.
• Divorce record abstracts: The State of West Virginia maintains statewide divorce record indexes/abstracts for certain periods through vital records.

Annulment records

• Annulment case files and final orders: Maintained by the Gilmer County Circuit Clerk as court records, similar to divorce matters.

Where records are filed and how they can be accessed

County offices (Gilmer County)

• Gilmer County Clerk (County Clerk’s Office)
  • Custodian for marriage licenses and recorded marriage returns created in Gilmer County.
  • Access is commonly provided through in-person requests, written/mail requests, and, where offered, county document search/record room services.
• Gilmer County Circuit Clerk (Circuit Court records)
  • Custodian for divorce and annulment case records, including pleadings, orders, and final decrees.
  • Access is generally through the clerk’s public counter/records room, with copies available upon request and payment of statutory fees.

State-level offices (West Virginia)

• West Virginia Department of Health and Human Resources (DHHR), Vital Registration Office
  • Maintains statewide vital records, including certified copies of marriage and divorce records/abstracts for specified time periods under West Virginia law and DHHR policy.
  • Requests are typically handled by application, identity verification, and fee.

Online access

• County-record online search systems may exist for indexes or scanned instruments (availability varies by county and by record type). Court case access may be limited online for older files or for sensitive case types. Official certified copies are generally issued by the responsible clerk or by DHHR where applicable.

Typical information included in these records

Marriage licenses/records

Common data elements include:

• Full names of both parties (including maiden name where applicable)
• Date and place of marriage license issuance
• Ages or dates of birth (varies by form and time period)
• Residences and counties/states of birth (varies by era)
• Parents’ names (often present on applications)
• Officiant name and authority, date and place of ceremony
• Clerk’s recording information (book/page or instrument number)

Divorce decrees and divorce case files

Common data elements include:

• Names of the parties and case number
• Filing date, court venue (Circuit Court), and judge
• Grounds/claims and procedural history (in pleadings and orders)
• Findings of fact and conclusions of law (varies)
• Terms of the final order (such as dissolution of marriage, restoration of name, custody/visitation determinations, child support, spousal support, and equitable distribution), subject to what was litigated and ordered
• Dates of entry and certification/attestation by the clerk

Annulment orders and files

Common data elements include:

• Names of the parties, case number, and court/judge
• Alleged legal basis for annulment and findings
• Final order declaring the marriage void or voidable and any ancillary orders (where applicable)

Privacy or legal restrictions

Public access and exemptions

• Marriage records recorded by the County Clerk are generally treated as public records, with standard access to certified copies, subject to identity/fee requirements for certification and applicable statutory limits.
• Divorce and annulment records are court records and are generally accessible as public records; however, West Virginia courts may seal all or part of a file by court order. Sealed documents and protected information are not released.
• Certain information may be restricted or redacted under state and federal privacy protections and court rules, including:
  • Social Security numbers and other sensitive identifiers
  • Financial account numbers
  • Information involving minors where protected by law or court order
  • Addresses or identifying details protected in specific circumstances (for example, protective-order related confidentiality)

Certified copies and identification requirements

• Certified copies issued by DHHR Vital Registration are subject to statutory eligibility rules, proof-of-identity requirements, and fees. County clerks may also require formal request procedures and fees for certification.

Record retention

• County clerks and circuit clerks maintain records according to West Virginia records retention schedules applicable to county and court records. Longer-term archival practices vary by record series and age.

Gilmer County is a rural county in central West Virginia anchored by the county seat of Glenville and served primarily by small towns and unincorporated communities. Population levels are low compared with state and national averages, with an age profile that skews older and a settlement pattern characterized by dispersed housing along valleys and ridgelines. Community services and employment are shaped by a small local job base, proximity to regional job centers, and the presence of Glenville State University.

Education Indicators

Public schools (counts and names)

Gilmer County Schools (the county public school district) operates a small number of campuses typical for a rural district. School listings and official profiles are maintained by the district and the West Virginia Department of Education (WVDE). For the most current school roster and contact information, reference the official [Gilmer County Schools website](https://www.gilmercoschools.org/ target="_blank") and WVDE school/district reporting portals such as the [West Virginia Department of Education](https://wvde.us/ target="_blank").
Note: A definitive “number of public schools and names” is best taken directly from the district roster because openings/closures and grade reconfigurations can change.

Student–teacher ratios and graduation rates

• Student–teacher ratios: Reported ratios vary by year and school and are published through WVDE and federal school datasets. Rural West Virginia districts commonly report comparatively low student–teacher ratios versus national averages, but Gilmer County’s exact ratio should be taken from the latest district profile in WVDE reporting.
• Graduation rates: West Virginia publishes 4‑year cohort graduation rates by school/district. Gilmer County’s current rate is available in WVDE accountability/report card materials.
  Proxy note: When a single-year district value is not readily accessible in a consolidated public table, WVDE district report cards remain the authoritative source.

Adult education levels

Adult educational attainment (age 25+) in Gilmer County is commonly summarized in U.S. Census Bureau products (American Community Survey, ACS):

• High school diploma or equivalent (or higher): Available via ACS “Educational Attainment” tables.
• Bachelor’s degree or higher: Also reported in the same ACS tables and typically lower in rural counties than state and national averages.
  County-level attainment is accessible through [U.S. Census Bureau ACS data tools](https://data.census.gov/ target="_blank") (search “Gilmer County WV educational attainment”).

Notable programs (STEM, vocational, AP)

• Career and technical education (CTE): West Virginia districts participate in state CTE pathways (career clusters, industry credentials), often delivered via county programs and/or regional CTE centers depending on geography. Program offerings are published through district curriculum pages and WVDE CTE.
• Advanced coursework/AP and dual credit: Many West Virginia high schools offer Advanced Placement, honors, and/or dual-credit coursework in partnership with postsecondary institutions. Glenville State University also supports local postsecondary access in the county.
  Proxy note: Specific course catalogs and AP/dual-credit availability vary by year; district program guides provide definitive lists.

School safety measures and counseling resources

West Virginia public schools typically employ layered safety practices such as controlled entry procedures, visitor management, emergency drills, and coordination with local law enforcement. Student support commonly includes school counselors and access to multi-tiered student supports (MTSS) and behavioral health referrals, with district-specific staffing and services documented in district student support pages and WVDE guidance. The most authoritative descriptions are found in district policy manuals and WVDE student support/school safety resources (see [WVDE](https://wvde.us/ target="_blank")).

Employment and Economic Conditions

Unemployment rate (most recent year)

Gilmer County unemployment is tracked by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) through Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS). The most recent annual and monthly rates are available via [BLS LAUS](https://www.bls.gov/lau/ target="_blank") (select West Virginia → Gilmer County).
Note: A single “most recent year” value depends on whether the latest complete annual average or the latest monthly estimate is used; BLS is the definitive source.

Major industries and employment sectors

County employment in rural central West Virginia commonly concentrates in:

• Local government and education (public schools, county services)
• Health care and social assistance
• Retail trade and accommodation/food services (small local service economy)
• Construction and transportation/warehousing (often tied to regional projects and commuting)
• Manufacturing and resource-adjacent sectors (varies by year and nearby regional facilities)

For sector shares and establishment counts, use County Business Patterns and ACS industry tables via [data.census.gov](https://data.census.gov/ target="_blank").

Common occupations and workforce breakdown

Occupational composition (ACS) in similar counties typically shows higher shares in:

• Office/administrative support
• Sales and service occupations
• Transportation and material moving
• Construction and extraction
• Education, training, and library; healthcare support/practitioners
  Gilmer-specific occupation shares are published in ACS occupation tables through [data.census.gov](https://data.census.gov/ target="_blank").

Commuting patterns and mean commute time

• Mean commute time: Reported by ACS “Commuting (Journey to Work)” tables, typically reflecting longer rural commutes than metro areas due to dispersed settlement and limited in-county job density.
• Mode of transportation: Rural counties generally show high shares of driving alone, low public transit use, and modest carpooling.
  These metrics are available through [ACS commuting tables](https://data.census.gov/ target="_blank").

Local employment vs. out-of-county work

Gilmer County’s labor market functions as part of a broader regional commuting shed; a substantial portion of employed residents typically work outside the county in nearby employment centers. Definitive inflow/outflow and workplace vs. residence patterns are available from the Census Bureau’s [OnTheMap/LEHD Origin-Destination Employment Statistics](https://onthemap.ces.census.gov/ target="_blank").

Housing and Real Estate

Homeownership rate and rental share

Homeownership and renting shares are reported in ACS tenure tables. Rural West Virginia counties commonly have majority owner-occupied housing with a smaller renter share concentrated around town centers and near major institutions (including Glenville State University). Gilmer County tenure estimates are available via [ACS housing tables on data.census.gov](https://data.census.gov/ target="_blank").

Median property values and recent trends

• Median owner-occupied home value: Published in ACS (median value) and also reflected in housing market summaries that track sales-based price trends.
• Recent trends: Many rural West Virginia markets saw price increases during 2020–2022 with more mixed conditions afterward; Gilmer County-specific trend confirmation requires county-level time series from ACS (multi-year comparison) or reputable sales-based indices.
  Authoritative baseline medians come from [ACS Value tables](https://data.census.gov/ target="_blank").

Typical rent prices

• Median gross rent: Available through ACS rent tables and is often comparatively low in rural counties, with higher rents concentrated near town centers or university-adjacent units.
  Use [ACS rent tables](https://data.census.gov/ target="_blank") for Gilmer County’s current median gross rent.

Types of housing

Gilmer County housing stock is predominantly:

• Single-family detached homes on larger lots and rural parcels
• Manufactured housing/mobile homes in rural settings
• Small multi-unit properties and apartments concentrated in Glenville and other small community nodes
  Housing structure type distributions are published by ACS (units in structure).

Neighborhood characteristics (proximity to schools/amenities)

• Glenville area: Greatest proximity to schools, the university, basic retail, and civic services.
• Outlying communities: More limited immediate access to services, with longer travel times to groceries, healthcare, and schools; residential patterns follow roadway corridors and valley floors.
  Proxy note: Neighborhood characterization is based on the county’s rural settlement pattern and the concentration of institutions in Glenville; precise amenity proximity varies by address.

Property tax overview (rate and typical homeowner cost)

West Virginia property tax levels are governed by assessed value rules and levy rates that vary by county and district. Typical homeowner tax burden is commonly summarized as:

• Effective property tax rate (taxes paid as a share of home value) and
• Median real estate taxes paid (annual dollar amount), both available via ACS.
  For county-specific tax payments and effective rates, use [ACS “Selected Housing Characteristics” and housing cost tables](https://data.census.gov/ target="_blank"); for statutory and levy details, refer to the [West Virginia State Tax Department](https://tax.wv.gov/ target="_blank") and local assessor/levy documentation.

Data availability note: Several requested items (exact school counts/names, current student–teacher ratios, and the latest district graduation rate) are maintained in official WVDE/district reporting rather than a single stable public table. The linked WVDE and district sources provide the definitive, most current values for those indicators.