Phillips County is located in north-central Montana along the Canadian border, occupying a broad section of the Hi-Line region. Established in 1915 and named for rancher and state politician Benjamin D. Phillips, the county developed around stock raising, dryland farming, and the rail corridor that shaped settlement across northern Montana. Phillips County is small in population, with only a few thousand residents, and is characterized by widely dispersed communities and extensive agricultural land. The economy is centered on cattle ranching, wheat and other small-grain production, and related services. Its landscape includes rolling plains and coulees typical of the Northern Great Plains, with portions of the Charles M. Russell National Wildlife Refuge along the Missouri River reservoir system. The county seat is Malta, the primary service center and largest town in the county.

Phillips County Local Demographic Profile

Phillips County is a sparsely populated county in north-central Montana, bordering Canada and centered on the Malta area. The county’s demographic characteristics reflect its largely rural settlement pattern and small-town housing stock.

Population Size

County-level population size and related decennial counts are published by the U.S. Census Bureau. According to the U.S. Census Bureau’s data portal (data.census.gov), Phillips County, Montana has county-level population totals available through the Decennial Census and American Community Survey (ACS) tables.

Age & Gender

County-level age distribution (including standard age bands and median age) and sex composition are reported in ACS demographic profile tables and detailed age/sex tables. These statistics for Phillips County are available via the U.S. Census Bureau’s American Community Survey tables on data.census.gov (commonly including age breakdowns and male/female counts and percentages).

Racial & Ethnic Composition

County-level race and Hispanic/Latino origin are reported by the U.S. Census Bureau in Decennial Census race/Hispanic-origin tables and in ACS profile tables. Phillips County’s racial and ethnic composition is available through U.S. Census Bureau race and ethnicity tables on data.census.gov.

Household & Housing Data

Household characteristics (household count, household size, family vs. nonfamily households, and related measures) and housing characteristics (housing units, occupancy/vacancy, tenure, and selected housing characteristics) are provided in ACS household and housing tables. Phillips County’s household and housing data are available through the U.S. Census Bureau’s ACS household and housing tables on data.census.gov.

Local Government Reference

For local government and planning resources, visit the Phillips County official website.

Note on figures: This response does not list specific numeric values because the exact table/year selection (e.g., 2020 Decennial Census vs. 2022 or 2023 ACS 5-year estimates) materially changes the reported county-level counts and percentages. Exact county-level values are available directly in the linked Census Bureau tables for the selected reference year.

Email Usage

Phillips County, in north-central Montana, is large and sparsely populated, which increases last‑mile buildout costs and can limit household connectivity options, shaping how residents access email and other online services.

Direct county-level email usage statistics are not routinely published; email access is typically inferred from digital-access proxies such as broadband subscriptions, device availability, and age structure reported by the U.S. Census Bureau (data.census.gov) and summarized in U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts for Phillips County. These indicators capture the capacity to use email (reliable internet plus a computer or smartphone), not actual email adoption.

Broadband subscription and computer access rates (ACS household measures) serve as the primary indicators of routine email accessibility in the county. Age distribution is a key influence: counties with larger shares of older adults generally show lower adoption of online communication tools compared with younger populations, though device-enabled email via smartphones can partially offset lower computer ownership. Gender distribution is generally less predictive than age for email access at the county level.

Connectivity limitations are commonly driven by distance between premises, fewer providers, and variable coverage in rural areas; these constraints are reflected in federal broadband mapping such as the FCC National Broadband Map.

Mobile Phone Usage

Phillips County is in north-central Montana along the Hi-Line, bordering Canada and centered on the Malta area. It is predominantly rural, characterized by open prairie, agricultural land use, and long distances between population centers. Low population density and large coverage areas per tower are key factors that shape mobile network performance and the economics of building and maintaining cellular infrastructure.

Data scope and limitations (county-level vs statewide)

County-specific statistics for “mobile phone ownership,” “smartphone-only households,” or “device type” are not consistently published at the county level in standard federal products. As a result, county-level discussion relies primarily on:

  • Network availability (coverage) sources such as the FCC’s Broadband Data Collection, which describe where service is reported as available.
  • Household adoption sources such as U.S. Census American Community Survey (ACS), which typically publish internet subscription measures and device/connection types at the county level, but may not isolate “mobile phone ownership” in the same way that national surveys do.

Network availability and household adoption are distinct: coverage indicates where a provider reports service can be obtained, while adoption reflects whether households actually subscribe and use service.

County context affecting mobile connectivity

  • Rural settlement pattern: Most residents live in or near small towns (notably Malta), with significant portions of the county consisting of very sparsely populated farmland and rangeland. This tends to reduce tower density and increases the share of coverage areas with weaker indoor signal.
  • Terrain: The county is largely prairie/rolling plains rather than mountainous. This generally supports wider propagation than mountainous western Montana, but wide service areas still translate into variable signal strength and capacity, especially away from highways and towns.
  • Cross-border and highway corridors: Connectivity is often strongest along primary transportation corridors and in population centers, with more variability in remote areas.

Network availability (reported coverage): 4G LTE and 5G

Primary sources for availability

  • The FCC’s location-based coverage data is the main public reference for mobile broadband availability reporting. The FCC publishes and maps provider-submitted coverage polygons by technology generation. See the FCC’s mapping portal and data documentation through the FCC National Broadband Map.
  • Montana aggregates broadband planning information and links to mapping resources through the Montana State Broadband Office.

4G LTE

  • In rural counties such as Phillips, 4G LTE is typically the most widely reported mobile broadband layer, with stronger presence in and around towns and along major roads and weaker/less consistent service farther from developed areas.
  • Reported 4G availability should be treated as “service is offered in this area” rather than a guarantee of uniform signal quality indoors or at cell-edge locations. The FCC map is designed for availability reporting and can overstate real-world experience in fringe areas.

5G

  • 5G availability in rural eastern and north-central Montana is generally more limited and uneven than 4G, with deployments often concentrated in higher-demand locations and along key corridors. In counties like Phillips, 5G—where reported—more commonly reflects low-band 5G footprints rather than dense mid-band or mmWave deployments typical of large metros.
  • County-level confirmation of which communities have 5G from specific providers varies over time; the most consistent public reference is provider-reported coverage in the FCC map. For current reporting, use the FCC National Broadband Map and select mobile broadband layers by provider and technology.

Actual household adoption (subscriptions and use) vs availability

Household adoption indicators

  • The U.S. Census Bureau’s ACS provides county-level estimates on internet subscriptions and the types of internet access used by households (such as cellular data plans). These are adoption measures (what households pay for/use), not network coverage. County tables can be accessed through data.census.gov and methodological details are maintained by the American Community Survey (ACS).
  • ACS measures are sample-based and include margins of error; in small-population counties, uncertainty can be material. That uncertainty is an adoption-data limitation rather than a connectivity limitation.

Mobile (cellular) internet as a household connection

  • Rural counties often show a meaningful share of households using cellular data plans as part of their internet access mix, sometimes as a primary option where wired broadband choices are limited. County-specific values need to be taken directly from ACS tables for Phillips County to avoid misstatement.
  • Adoption is influenced by affordability, the presence/absence of fixed broadband alternatives, and whether households can get reliable indoor LTE/5G performance at their residences.

Mobile internet usage patterns and performance considerations

Usage patterns common in rural areas

  • On-network vs roaming: Rural areas may experience more frequent transitions between native coverage and roaming, depending on provider footprint and agreements. Roaming availability is not uniformly represented in public coverage layers.
  • Indoor vs outdoor performance: Even in reported coverage areas, indoor performance can be constrained by distance to towers and building materials. This affects streaming, video calling, and hotspot reliability.
  • Hotspot and tethering: In places with limited fixed broadband, smartphone hotspot use is common in practice, but county-level quantitative measures for hotspot prevalence are not standardized in public datasets.

Latency and congestion

  • In sparsely populated zones, congestion can be lower than in cities, but capacity constraints can appear where a small number of sites serve wide areas, particularly at peak times or during events in town. Public county-level congestion statistics are generally not available.

Common device types (smartphones vs other devices)

County-specific breakdowns of device types (smartphones vs basic phones vs tablets) are not consistently published for Phillips County in federal statistical products. Standard references like ACS focus on household internet access and subscription type rather than enumerating “smartphone ownership” directly at the county level.

What can be stated with high confidence using public measurement frameworks:

  • Smartphones are the dominant endpoint for mobile broadband nationally, and rural areas rely heavily on smartphones for communications and internet access where fixed options are limited; however, a Phillips County–specific device-type distribution requires survey data not routinely published at the county level.
  • For county-level device and subscription proxies, the most defensible approach is to cite ACS estimates on cellular data plans and broadband subscription status via data.census.gov, while explicitly noting that these are not direct “smartphone share” measures.

Demographic and geographic factors influencing mobile usage in Phillips County

  • Population density and distance: Low density increases per-user network costs and reduces the incentive for dense 5G buildouts, affecting both availability and performance consistency.
  • Age structure and income: Rural counties may have older age distributions and differing income profiles than state averages, which can influence smartphone adoption, data plan selection, and reliance on mobile-only connectivity. County-specific demographic baselines are available from the Census Bureau via data.census.gov.
  • Economic base and mobility: Agriculture and associated services increase time spent outside towns (field work, travel between dispersed sites). This elevates the importance of corridor and wide-area coverage compared with urban “small-cell” density.
  • Housing dispersion: Residences outside town limits may sit at cell edges or in signal shadows created by small terrain variations, shelterbelts, or structures, contributing to household-to-household variability even within the same reported coverage polygon.

Practical interpretation: separating “availability” from “adoption”

  • Availability (FCC): Use the FCC National Broadband Map to identify where 4G LTE and 5G are reported as available in Phillips County, by provider and technology.
  • Adoption (Census): Use data.census.gov (ACS) to identify the share of households with internet subscriptions and the share using cellular data plans, recognizing sampling uncertainty in small counties.
  • County planning context: State broadband planning materials and mapping references are consolidated through the Montana State Broadband Office, which provides additional context for infrastructure and adoption initiatives across Montana.

Key limitations for Phillips County–specific reporting

  • Public, standardized county-level metrics for mobile phone penetration (handset ownership) and smartphone vs basic phone shares are limited.
  • Coverage maps represent reported availability, not guaranteed service quality, indoor performance, or consistent throughput.
  • Adoption estimates from ACS are sample-based and can carry wide margins of error in low-population counties, requiring careful interpretation of county-level percentages.

Social Media Trends

Phillips County is a sparsely populated, rural county in north‑central Montana along the Hi‑Line, with Malta as the county seat. The local economy is strongly tied to agriculture and rangeland, and the county’s long travel distances, small-town settlement pattern, and limited retail/service density tend to make online communication and community groups on major social platforms more salient for news, events, and local coordination than in larger urban Montana counties.

User statistics (penetration / active use)

  • County-specific social media penetration: No high-quality, publicly available dataset routinely publishes county-level social media penetration for Phillips County. Most reputable measures are reported at the U.S. level and sometimes by state/metro area, not by rural counties.
  • Best available benchmark (U.S. adults):

Age group trends (who uses social media most)

National patterns are the most reliable proxy for age gradients in rural counties:

  • Highest use: Adults 18–29 (Pew reports consistently show the highest social media use in this bracket).
  • High use: Adults 30–49.
  • Moderate use: Adults 50–64.
  • Lowest use: Adults 65+. These gradients are documented in: Pew Research Center (2023) social media use.

Gender breakdown

  • Overall social media use by gender: Pew typically finds modest differences in overall use between men and women, with platform-specific splits more pronounced than “any social media” adoption.
  • Platform-leaning patterns (U.S. adults): Women tend to be more represented on visually/socially oriented platforms (e.g., Pinterest), while men have been more represented on some discussion/video-leaning channels depending on the platform and year. Reference baseline: Pew Research Center platform-by-demographic tables (2023).

Most-used platforms (percent using; U.S. adult benchmarks)

Reliable county-level platform shares are generally not public; the most defensible figures are national adult usage rates:

Behavioral trends (engagement and preferences)

  • Video as a primary format: With YouTube reaching a large majority of U.S. adults, video is a cross‑age format that supports both entertainment and “how‑to”/local information seeking; this pattern is especially relevant in rural settings where services and in-person options can be farther away. Source: Pew platform adoption statistics.
  • Local community information flow: Rural counties commonly rely on Facebook pages and groups for announcements, events, buy/sell activity, and informal local news distribution, reflecting Facebook’s broad adult penetration and strong group features. Benchmark adoption: Pew (2023) Facebook usage.
  • Age-linked platform preference:
  • Engagement concentration: Nationally, posting and commenting activity tends to be concentrated among a smaller subset of users, while a larger share primarily consumes content (“lurking” behavior). This is consistent with broad patterns in online participation inequality described in survey research and platform studies; social networks typically show a minority generating most visible content. Background context: Pew Research Center Internet & Technology research.

Family & Associates Records

Phillips County, Montana maintains limited family and associate-related public records at the county level. Marriage licenses and related filings are typically recorded and kept by the Clerk of District Court; certified copies are commonly requested in person or by mail through the clerk’s office. District Court case files (including some family-law matters such as dissolution, parenting, and protection orders) are maintained by the Clerk of District Court, with public access governed by court rules and specific confidentiality protections for certain case types and documents. Phillips County contact and office information is available on the official county site: Phillips County, Montana (official website).

Montana vital records—birth and death certificates—are generally maintained at the state level by Montana DPHHS rather than by counties. Access and ordering are handled through the state vital records program, with eligibility requirements and identity verification: Montana DPHHS Vital Records. Adoption records are generally closed and handled through state courts and/or DPHHS; access is restricted by statute and court order.

Public online databases for court case information are provided through the Montana Judicial Branch, which offers statewide case search tools and access information: Montana Judicial Branch. In-person access to nonconfidential county court records is typically available during business hours at the Phillips County courthouse, subject to redaction and sealing rules.

Marriage & Divorce Records

Types of records available

  • Marriage records (marriage licenses and certificates/returns)
    • Marriage licensing in Montana is handled at the county level. Phillips County issues marriage licenses and typically retains the marriage license application and the completed return/certificate filed after the ceremony.
  • Divorce records (decrees and case files)
    • Divorces are court actions. Phillips County divorce records generally include the final decree of dissolution and may include related filings (petitions, summons, findings, parenting plans, support orders, property division orders).
  • Annulment records (decrees and case files)
    • Annulments are also court actions and are maintained as civil case files, typically including the decree of invalidity/annulment and underlying pleadings and orders.

Where records are filed and how they can be accessed

  • Marriage licenses (county records)
    • Filed and maintained by the Phillips County Clerk of District Court (who serves as the county’s marriage license issuing authority in Montana).
    • Access is commonly provided through in-person requests at the clerk’s office and written requests in accordance with local procedures. Certified copies are generally issued by the custodian of record.
  • Divorce and annulment case records (court records)
    • Filed and maintained by the Phillips County Clerk of District Court as the official custodian of district court case records.
    • Access is commonly available through in-person review of public case files and copy requests through the clerk’s office. Some docket information may also be available through Montana’s statewide court record access tools, while certified copies are issued by the clerk.
  • Statewide vital records indexing (secondary sources)
    • Montana maintains statewide vital records systems for statistical and administrative purposes, but county-issued marriage license records and district court divorce/annulment case files remain the primary legal record sources in Phillips County.

Typical information included in these records

  • Marriage license records
    • Names of both parties (including prior names as applicable)
    • Date and place of marriage (or license issuance and return)
    • Ages or dates of birth
    • Residences and/or places of birth
    • Officiant name and authority; ceremony location
    • Witness information (when recorded)
    • License number, filing dates, and clerk certifications
  • Divorce decrees and associated filings
    • Case caption (party names), case number, and court venue
    • Date of decree and judge’s signature
    • Findings and orders addressing:
      • Legal status termination (dissolution)
      • Property and debt allocation
      • Spousal maintenance (alimony), when ordered
      • Child custody/parenting arrangements, child support, and visitation (when applicable)
      • Name changes (when granted)
  • Annulment decrees and associated filings
    • Case caption, case number, and venue
    • Date and terms of the decree declaring the marriage invalid
    • Orders regarding related matters (property division, support, parenting issues), when applicable

Privacy or legal restrictions

  • Public access baseline
    • Montana law generally treats many government records as public, including many court records and county filings, subject to statutory exceptions and court orders.
  • Sealed and confidential court information
    • District court records in divorce and annulment matters can contain confidential or protected information, including identifying information for minors, sensitive financial data, and certain health or abuse-related allegations. Courts may seal records or portions of records, or restrict access, under applicable law and court rules.
  • Certified copies and identity verification
    • Certified copies are issued by the record custodian (generally the Clerk of District Court for county marriage records and district court case records). Clerks may apply administrative requirements for certification, redaction, and record integrity.
  • Redaction requirements
    • Court filings and copies may be subject to redaction practices to limit disclosure of protected personal identifiers (such as certain financial account identifiers) and information about minors, consistent with Montana court rules and privacy protections.

Education, Employment and Housing

Phillips County is a sparsely populated, rural county in north‑central Montana along the Hi‑Line, bordering Canada. The county seat and primary service hub is Malta. Population is small and dispersed across large agricultural tracts and small towns, with community life centered around schools, local government services, healthcare access in regional hubs, and farm/ranch economic activity.

Education Indicators

Public schools and school names

Phillips County’s K–12 public education is organized into multiple small districts serving Malta and surrounding communities. A consolidated, countywide count of “public schools” is not consistently published in a single official table at the county level; the most reliable current school name/directory listings are maintained through statewide district/school directories. The primary district centered in the county is Malta Public Schools (commonly listed as Malta K–12), which operates:

  • Malta High School
  • Malta Middle School
  • Malta Elementary School

School and district directory verification is available through the Montana Office of Public Instruction school/district directory (Montana OPI) and district-level listings.

Student–teacher ratios and graduation rates

  • Student–teacher ratios: County-specific ratios can vary substantially by grade and district due to small enrollments. The most stable proxy for staffing conditions in Phillips County is district/school report-card staffing published by Montana OPI and federal school staffing files. In rural Hi‑Line districts, ratios commonly track near (or below) state norms because of small class sizes, though staffing can be constrained by recruitment.
  • Graduation rates: The most recent cohort graduation rates are published in state accountability/report-card outputs rather than in a single county profile. Malta High School’s graduation rate and subgroup detail are typically reported via Montana’s school report-card resources and the federal school data portal (Montana School Snapshot; NCES). A single Phillips County “county graduation rate” is not a standard reporting unit in Montana accountability reporting.

Data note: Where a countywide ratio or graduation percentage is needed, the best proxy is the largest district (Malta) combined with other local districts’ report-card values; this requires aggregating multiple district/school reporting units.

Adult education levels (high school diploma, bachelor’s degree and higher)

Adult educational attainment for Phillips County is best captured by the U.S. Census Bureau’s American Community Survey (ACS) 5‑year estimates:

  • High school graduate or higher (age 25+): reported in ACS “Educational Attainment” tables.
  • Bachelor’s degree or higher (age 25+): also reported in ACS educational attainment tables.

County-level values are available via the Census Bureau’s profile tools (ACS 5‑year is the standard for small counties) and are commonly cited from:

Data note: Phillips County’s small population increases sampling error in ACS; 5‑year estimates are the most reliable current Census-based measure.

Notable programs (STEM, vocational training, Advanced Placement)

Program availability is primarily school-based and varies by staffing and enrollment:

  • Career and Technical Education (CTE)/vocational coursework is common in rural Montana high schools (agriculture, skilled trades, business/technology), with program reporting through Montana OPI CTE materials and district course catalogs.
  • Dual credit opportunities are often used in rural settings through Montana’s postsecondary partners; offerings depend on annual agreements and staff certification.
  • Advanced Placement (AP): small rural high schools may offer limited AP courses; availability is confirmed through school course catalogs and the Montana School Snapshot profiles.

Statewide program context and district participation resources are maintained by Montana OPI (Office of Public Instruction).

School safety measures and counseling resources

  • Safety measures: Montana districts commonly employ controlled entry procedures, visitor check‑in protocols, emergency operation plans, and coordination with local law enforcement. District-specific safety plans are typically summarized in board policies and school handbooks rather than in county statistical releases.
  • Counseling resources: School counseling services are usually provided through district-employed counselors (and sometimes shared staff across buildings). Additional student supports may include school-based mental health partnerships and referral pathways to regional providers; exact staffing levels and service models are district-reported.

Data note: Safety and counseling staffing are not consistently standardized in public county profiles; the most authoritative sources are district policy manuals, annual reports, and state school snapshot profiles.

Employment and Economic Conditions

Unemployment rate (most recent year available)

Phillips County’s unemployment rate is published by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS). The most recent annual average unemployment rate and monthly series are available here:

Data note: The county’s rate can show higher month-to-month volatility due to small labor force size and seasonal agricultural patterns; annual averages are typically used for stable comparisons.

Major industries and employment sectors

Phillips County’s economy is characteristic of Montana’s Hi‑Line rural counties, with employment concentrated in:

  • Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting (farm/ranch operations and related support services)
  • Public administration (county services and public safety)
  • Educational services (K–12)
  • Health care and social assistance (clinics, long-term care, and regional healthcare access)
  • Retail trade and accommodation/food services (local-serving businesses)
  • Transportation and warehousing (regional freight and highway-linked services)

The most current sector employment estimates and wage profiles are available from:

Common occupations and workforce breakdown

Common occupational groups in similar rural Montana counties include:

  • Management and business operations (small business and farm management)
  • Transportation and material moving (trucking, equipment operation)
  • Office and administrative support
  • Sales and related
  • Construction and extraction / installation, maintenance, repair
  • Education, training, and library
  • Healthcare support and practitioners (limited locally, with some commuting to regional hubs)

County resident occupation shares are best sourced from ACS occupation tables on data.census.gov. For job-based (employer) occupational structure, OEWS nonmetro area estimates provide the most stable proxy.

Typical commuting patterns and mean commute times

  • Commute time: Mean travel time to work for Phillips County residents is reported by the ACS (table series for commuting/travel time). Rural counties typically have moderate mean commute times driven by in-county travel to Malta plus longer trips for specialized jobs.
  • Commuting mode: Personal vehicle commuting predominates; carpooling and remote work shares are reported in ACS commuting tables.

Primary commuting statistics are available through:

Local employment versus out‑of‑county work

Phillips County has a limited local job base relative to its geographic size, and out‑of‑county commuting can occur for specialized healthcare, construction, energy-related work, or public sector roles in nearby counties. The most direct “inflow/outflow” commuting evidence is available through:

Data note: LEHD coverage can be less complete in very small rural areas due to disclosure avoidance and data suppression; OnTheMap remains the standard source for commuting flow patterns.

Housing and Real Estate

Homeownership rate and rental share

Homeownership and rental occupancy are reported in ACS housing tenure tables:

  • Owner-occupied share and renter-occupied share for Phillips County are available via data.census.gov (ACS 5‑year, “Tenure” tables).

Rural Montana counties typically have high homeownership rates relative to national averages, with renting concentrated in Malta and smaller town cores.

Median property values and recent trends

  • Median value of owner‑occupied housing units (ACS) provides the standard countywide median property value measure.
  • Trends: In small counties, ACS median value trends should be interpreted cautiously because changes can reflect small sample sizes and the mix of homes sold/valued in the survey period. Market sale-price trend series are not consistently robust at the county level in very low-volume markets.

Primary source:

Proxy note: For market-direction context beyond ACS, regional Montana housing reports (statewide associations and state economic offices) are commonly used, but Phillips County-specific transaction volume can be too low for stable quarterly metrics.

Typical rent prices

Data note: Rental stock is limited in many rural counties; medians can move notably year-to-year with small changes in available units.

Types of housing (single‑family homes, apartments, rural lots)

Phillips County housing stock is dominated by:

  • Single-family detached homes in Malta and small towns
  • Manufactured housing and older housing stock in some neighborhoods
  • Rural farm/ranch residences on large lots and agricultural land parcels
  • Small multi-unit buildings (limited apartments) primarily in Malta

Housing type distributions are available in ACS “Units in Structure” tables on data.census.gov.

Neighborhood characteristics (proximity to schools or amenities)

  • Malta functions as the primary node for schools, groceries, clinics, and county services; neighborhoods near the school campus and downtown typically offer shorter local commutes and closer access to civic amenities.
  • Outlying areas are characterized by larger lot sizes, agricultural adjacency, and greater travel distances to schools and services, with reliance on state highways and county roads.

Data note: County profiles do not usually quantify “proximity to amenities”; this is inferred from settlement patterns and the concentration of public services in Malta.

Property tax overview (average rate and typical homeowner cost)

Montana property taxes are administered locally and vary by taxing jurisdiction, mill levies, and property classification. For Phillips County:

  • Effective property tax rate and median real estate taxes paid by homeowners are available from ACS housing cost tables (county-level).
  • Official county levy/mill information and tax administration details are typically provided through the Montana Department of Revenue and county treasurer resources.

Core references:

Data note: “Average rate” is best represented as an effective rate derived from taxes paid relative to home value; ACS provides taxes paid directly, while levy-based rates require jurisdiction-level mill schedules rather than a single countywide percentage.